Search for novel genetic markers in patients with acute coronary syndrome depending on the severity of prior coronavirus infection 2019

Aim. To assess the detection rate of genotypes of ACE rs1799752 nucleotide sequence variants in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) depending on the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material and methods. A total of 100 patients (50 men and 50 women) hospitalized with a diagnosis of ACS and prior COVID-19 were included in the study. COVID-19 severity and variant (Alpha, Delta, or Omicron) were assessed for all patients. Upon admission, all patients underwent diagnostic testing according to the ACS examination protocol, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stenting, and genetic testing of the ACE rs1799752 using polymerase chain reaction.

Results. In our study, patients with the Omicron variant were more frequently encountered (n=87, 73,7%). Severe COVID-19 was more often recorded with the Delta variant — 7 patients (5,93%). When comparing the carrier frequencies of the ACE rs1799752 genotype in patients with ACS depending on COVID-19 severity, significant differences were found (p=0,043). Carriage of the heterozygous ID genotype was recorded most frequently among both outand inpatients. When separated by sex, the heterozygous ID variant was again more common among outpatients, both men and women, as well as among women hospitalized with COVID-19.

Conclusion. The ACE rs1799752 (I/D) nucleotide sequence variant is associated with ACS in patients depending on COVID-19 severity.

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