Патофизиологические механизмы сердечно-сосудистых нарушений при болезни Паркинсона
Abstract
Аннотация: Болезнь Паркинсона является вторым по распространенности прогрессирующим нейродегенеративным заболеванием после болезни Альцгеймера, характеризующимся избирательной утратой дофаминергических нейронов в компактной части черной субстанции, что приводит к дефициту дофамина в стриатуме и появлению моторных симптомов. Наряду с этим, в патогенезе болезни Паркинсона значимую роль играют немоторные нарушения, в частности сердечно-сосудистые дисфункции, оказывающие существенное влияние на качество жизни пациентов. Нейрогенные механизмы включают патологическое накопление и агрегацию альфа‑синуклеина с образованием телец и нейритов Леви, выявляемых как в центральной, так и в периферической вегетативной нервной системе, включая симпатическую иннервацию сердца. Дополнительно, не‑нейрогенные факторы – снижение внутрисосудистого объёма вследствие дисфагии и недостаточного потребления жидкости, сердечная недостаточность, а также лекарственно‑индуцированная гипотензия при применении антипаркинсонических средств – способствуют развитию ортостатической гипотензии и других сердечно-сосудистых нарушений, повышая риск инсульта и других осложнений.
About the Authors
Фуркат Юсупов
Ошский государственный университет, медицинский факультет
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Мухаммадюсуф Абдыкадыров
Ошский государственный университет, медицинский факультет
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
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