Changes of overall and inhospital mortality from myocardial infarction in the subjects of the Russian Federation, 2014-2023

Aim. To assess overall and inhospital mortality from myocardial infarction (MI) in the subjects of the Russian Federation for the period of 2014-2023.

Material and methods. Rosstat data for 2014 to 2023 were obtained. Calculations were performed using the program (registration certificate dated September 30, 2016, № 201666114). The European Standard Population (1976) was used to calculate the standardized mortality rate (SMR) per 100,000 population. Inhospital mortality was calculated as the ratio of death rate to hospital discharge rate per year based on data from Federal Statistical Monitoring Form № 14.

Results. The SMR rate per 100,000 people in Russia due to myocardial infarction decreased from 34,85 to 23,24 per 100,000 people (p<0,0001); inhospital mortality — from 15 to 10,2% (p<0,0001). The coefficient of variation for regional SMR rates in 2014 was 45,6%, and in 2023-52,8%; inhospital mortality — 27,8% and 26,4%. The proportion of in-hospital deaths from myocardial infarction decreased from 57,3 to 48% of the total death rate (in 2023, the regional minimum was 21%, and the maximum — 83%). No region recorded an annual increase or decrease in the SMR and inhospital mortality from 2014 to 2023. When comparing 2023 with 2014, the SMR and inhospital mortality decreased in 68 regions; in 3 regions, both the SMR and inhospital mortality increased; in 7 regions, the SMR increased and inhospital mortality decreased; and in 4 regions, the SMR decreased and inhospital mortality increased.

Conclusion. Over the past 10 years, Russia has recorded a decrease in SMR and inhospital mortality rate from myocardial infarction. However, significant interregio­nal differences in these rates and their changes, as well as an increase in the proportion of out-of-hospital deaths, may be related to both the organization of care and statistical recording practices. This requires additional research aimed at establishing the true causes of these differences. These studies should form the basis for improving management and treatment measures.

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