Anthropometric parameters as risk factors for dilated cardiomyopathy in carriers of rs1805124 and rs35068180 polymorphisms

Aim. To identify anthropometric parameters that are associated with a more frequent development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in patients with rs1805124 and rs35068180 polymorphisms.

Material and methods. The present study included 111 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (99 men (89,2%) and 12 women (10,8%)). The mean age of the participants was 51±9,1 years, with an age range of 20 to 69 years. The control group included 101 healthy individuals (mean age, 50,8±12,3 years; age range, 34 to 79 years (men, 86,1%)).

The Rees-Eysenck index (body length*100/chest transverse diameter*6) and the Tanner's sexual dimorphism index (3*shoulder diameter–intercrestal diameter) were used.

In addition to the conventional body mass index (BMI), the study determined waist circumference, hip circumference, body shape index (BSI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI), body roundness index (BRI).

Results. Patients carrying the GG genotype had significantly higher WHR, BAI, and BRI indices compared to the control group. However, similar differences were also observed among carriers of the AG and AA genotypes. Also, carriers of the AG and AA genotypes of the rs1805124 polymorphism significantly differed from the control group in WHR and WHtR. This may indicate the primary influence of somatometric indices, rather than the studied polymorphisms, on the DCM development.

The multivariate analysis performed using the Wald stepwise selection method showed a significant effect of BRI (p=0,000) and the Rees-Eysenck index (p=0,000) on the development of DCM in carriers of the rs1805124 polymorphism GG genotype. In patients carrying the 6a/6a genotype, the WHtR, WHR, BMI, BAI, and BRI were significantly higher than in the control group. Similar differences were also observed among carriers of the 6a/5a genotype. The indices of WhtR, BAI, BMI, and BRI were significantly higher in carriers of the 5a/5a genotype. However, similar differences were also observed among carriers of the AG and AA genotypes. Also, carriers of the AG and AA genotypes of the rs1805124 polymorphism significantly differed from the control group in both WHR and WHtR.

Conclusion. Most likely, such somatometric indices as BRI, WHR, WHtR, BAI, and BMI are of great importance in the development of DCM. In carriers of the homozygous rare allele G of the rs1805124 polymorphism, independent predictors of DCM may be BRI and the Rees-Eysenck index, while in carriers of the rare allele 5a of the rs35068180 polymorphism — BRI, BMI, and the Rees-Eysenck index. However, BRI and the Rees-Eysenck index may be independent predictors of DCM regardless of the genotypes of the studied polymorphisms.

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