Associations of polyphenolic compounds consumption and the risk of arterial hypertension in the population

Aim. To identify associations of polyphenolic compounds consumption in general, as well as their particular classes with the risk of arterial hypertension (AH) in the population of Novosibirsk residents of the 45-69 age group.

Material and methods. In 2003-2005, an epidemiological survey of the population of 45-69 years of Novosibirsk was conducted (HAPIEE international project “Determinants of cardiovascular diseases in Eastern Europe: a multicenter cohort study”). 9360 people were examined, including 4266 men and 5094 women. The average age of the surveyed was 576 years A nutrition assessment was performed using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) questionnaire. The European base Phenol-Explorer 3,6 was used to estimate the content of polyphenolic compounds and their subclasses. In the structure of each product group, food habits of the Siberian population, typically used products were taken into account. AH was diagnosed in case of systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels >140 mm Hg. and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >90 mm Hg, as well as in individuals with normal blood pressure values while taking antihypertensive drugs in the last two weeks prior to this survey.

Results. The risk of AH developing in the quartile with the highest total consumption of polyphenolic compounds in men is 33% less than in the quartile with the lowest consumption (odds ratio (OR) 0,67 confidence interval (CI) 0,56-0,79, P=0.004), and in women, respectively, — 37% less ( OR 0,63, CI 0,54-0,74, P<0,001). For certain classes of polyphenolic compounds: the highest level of consumption of flavonoids associates with a reduction of AH risk in men by 33% (OR 0,67 CI 0,57-0,80, P<0,001) and in women — by 39% (OR 0,61, CI 0,57-0,71, P=0,002). For both men and women, the probability of AH developing in the quartile with consumption of phenolic acids is 21% lower (OR 0,79, CI 0,66-0,94, P=0,002) and 16% (OR 0,84, CI 0,72-0,99, P<0,001), respectively. In men, the consumption of other polyphenols is also significant (the risk with maximum use is reduced by 18%, OR 0,84, CI 0,69-0,98, P=0,018).

Conclusion. In the population of Novosibirsk (age group 45-69 years), high levels of consumption of polyphenols in general, as well as such subclasses as flavonoids and phenolic acids, are associated with a decrease of AH risk.

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