Infective endocarditis (IE) is still an actual and urgent problem of modern medicine, due to its increasing prevalence and incidence, as well as outcome unpredictability, despite aggressive antibacterial therapy. Mechanisms and patterns of heart failure pathogenesis in IE, its short- and long-term prognosis were studied. In total, 92 cases of sub-acute IE (1996-2003) were analyzed. lethality was as high as 34.7%. Most patients had combined aortal and mitral valve pathology (63%). Prognosis was better in secondary IE and mitral valve pathology. In secondary IE group, two lethality peaks were observed: in first 50 days, and at forth month. There was no significant difference in intracardial hemodynamics among died and non operated IE patients, with the exception of individuals with right heart damage. Therefore, short-term IE prognosis was determined not only by heart failure, in contrast with long-term prognosis.

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) and chronic heart failure (CHF) are combined quite often, that explains the need for complex study of their effects on adaptation status in such patients. To assess quality of life (QoL) and psychological status inpatients with SSS and ischemic CHF. Six-minute walking test was performed; depression, anxiety, alexithymia levels, QoL, coping mechanisms and lifestyle index were assessed in 75patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), associated with NYHA class I-II CHF, with or without SSS. Ln CHF patients, no additional adverse effects of SSS on somatic, psychological status and QoL were observed.

Arterial hypertension (АН) features in schizophrenia were studied by clinical and pathoanatomical methods. In schizophrenic patients, AH was diagnosed later than in internal disease patients; early stages of AH were characterized by moderate progression, regardless of psychotropic therapy regimen. In psychoses, Stage II-III AH was prevalent, being associated with kidney disease and atherosclerosis. Severe schizophrenia and personality defects were linked to moderate severity of initial somatic pathology.

The aim of the study was to identify the changes in estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, luteotropic (LTH), follicle-stimulating (FSH), thyreotropic (TTH) hormones, prolactin, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) in autonomicdyshormonal myocardiodystrofy (ADM) of various ethiology. Hormone levels were measured in 52 menopausal women with pathological climax, women with uterine fibromyoma (n=45), premenstrual syndrome, PMS (n=36), and with post-castration syndrome (n=42). Mean estradiol level in ADM of various genesis was close to lower norm limit. Estradiol level disturbances were identified in more than 50% of all cases, typically manifesting in lower concentrations. High prevalence of normal estradiol levels in all four groups was an evidence of ADM pathogenesis complexity. Progesterone and testosterone levels were also not significant in ADM development. In uterine myoma and, to a lesser extent, in PMS, increased LTH levels were more prevalent. In PMS and, especially, in uterine myoma, FSH levels were usually elevated. Nevertheless, the role of these disturbances in ADM pathogenesis is still understudied. Mean prolactin level in myoma patients was higher than normal or that in ADM of another genesis. TTG, T3, and T4 levels in all four groups were normal, and couldn't play a significant role in ADM development.

Arterial hypertension (AH) prevalence inpatients with Type I diabetes mellitus (DM) aged after 18 years (by 1999 WHO criterions) in Bashkortostan Republic was studied. Dates of DM State Registry (DMSR) Bashkortostan's Republic were used. AH prevalence in Type I DM is composed among women 52%, among men - 37%. In Type I DM, was observed association women's sex with AH increase.

Ten-year cardiovascular death risk scale SCORE was modified, according to the results of 10-year retrospective population study in 270 families (1513 individuals examined). Among 73 registered deaths, 51 were due to cardiovascular disease. Additionally, quantitative assessment of hereditary cardiovascular risk was performed. In high genotypic risk group, myocardial infarction mortality was higher by 13 times than in low-risk group, stroke mortality - higher by 21.4 times. Scale modification helped to improve prognosis precision, by considering hereditary risk of cardiovascular pathology, that significantly affects mortality risk. Hereditary factors affected cardiovascular mortality more, as 10-year risk increased.

In a placebo-controlled study, propafenone efficacy and safety for pharmaceutical cardioversion in atrial fibrillation (AF) paroxysms were studied. The study included 50 patients aged 28-69 years (mean age 53,9+9,7), with AF paroxysms lasting for less than 48 hours. Participants were randomized to propafenone (single dose of 600 mg, per os) or placebo. Eight hours later, sinus rhythm was restored in propafenone group more effectively than in placebo group: 85,7% and 33,3%, respectively (p=0,001). Mean sinus rhythm restoring time was 2,5+1,9 and 3,8+1,5 hours, respectively.

Vasoactive endothelial function (EF) was assessed in 48 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) (18 participants under 60 years, 30 patients older than 60). Enalapril ("Enam", Dr Reddy's, India) effects on EFwere studied. AH patients were characterized by impaired vasoactive EF, correlating with age. In older patients, endothelial reaction to nitroglycerin was also disturbed. Three-month "Enam" therapy was associated with EF normalization. In blood pressure-normalizing doses, "Enam "facilitated improvement of initially impaired endothelial cells' sensitivity to shear stress.

Selective coronary angiography (CAG) results for 76patients without effort angina (EA), and 48 EA individuals were compared. Stenosis-causing coronary atherosclerosis was an obligatory component in EA pathogenesis, and CAG demonstrated high sensitivity in EA diagnostics. Specificity of traditional CAG criteria for coronary heart disease (stenosis of any trunk coronary artery no less than 50%) in EA diagnostics was no greater than 58,1±9,0%. Therefore, a system of CAG criteria was created, to exclude EA effectively even inpatients with previous myocardial infarction (sensitivity - no less than 95,5%, specificity - no less than 82,8±7,1%>, diagnostic effectiveness - at least, 89,8±4,4%).

The study was focused on circadian dynamics of lipid profile in Polar North oil industry shift-workers with arterial hypertension (AH). In total, 95 AH patients (Group I - 53 individuals working daytime; Group II - 42 participants working night-time), were examined. Significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), low and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL, VLDL-C), triglycerides (TG), as well as decreased high-density С (HDL-C) level, were observed in night-working participants. AH in night-working Polar North inhabitants is an additional risk factor of atherosclerosis.

Efficacy of cardiac arrhythmias (CA) pharmacotherapy does not exceed 70%; incidence of adverse effects, causing treatment discontinuation, is as high as 10-30%. The need for CA pharmacotherapy improvement is obvious. The authors propose new methods for CA pathogenetic treatment, based on normalization of barrier and distributional sarcolemma functions, and intracellular ion dysbalance correction. Antiarrhythmics normalizing ion channel function should be combined with membrano-protective agents (rhythmocor, salmagin, etc.).