High-sensitivity troponin I level among residents of the Kyrgyz Republic: ethnic characteristics

Aim. To identify ethnic characteristics in the distribution of high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) concentrations in a representative sample of residents of the Chui Region of the Kyrgyz Republic, taking into account age.

Material and methods. The study included a representative sample of Kyrgyz Republic population aged 18-65 years (n=1162). An analysis of hsTnI distribution in the population was conducted, taking into account ethnicity (Kyrgyz, Slavs). HsTnI levels in serum samples were measured using a chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) using Architect Stat High Sensitive Troponin I reagents (Abbott, USA) on an Architect i2000SR analyzer (Abbott, USA) in the morning hours. The statistical significance level was set at 0,05.

Results. The median hsTnI concentration in the Kyrgyz group was 1,0 (0,45; 1,85) pg/mL. The 99th percentile (Q99) value was 14,9 pg/mL, which was significantly lower compared to the Slavic group (Me – 1,4 (0,8; 2,2) pg/mL, p=0,003; Q9923,1 pg/mL). In the Slavic ethnic group, the hsTnI concentration was higher than among the Kyrgyz when analyzed separately for men and women (p<0,001). HsTnI levels were significantly higher in men than in women in both the Kyrgyz (p<0,001) and Slavic (p=0,003) groups. A significant correlation was found between the hsTnI concentration and the age of respondents in both ethnic groups. The correlation level in the Kyrgyz ethnic group was r=0,15 (p<0,001), while in the Slavic group it was less pronounced and amounted to r=0,096 (p=0,046). Despite lower baseline hsTnI concentrations, the rate of its increase with age was higher in Kyrgyz ethnic group.

Conclusion. The following ethnic differences in hsTnI concentrations were revealed: higher values in the Slavic group compared to the native Kyrgyz. Moreover, in both ethnic groups, hsTnI levels were higher in men and increased with age.

1. Khot UN, Khot MB, Bajzer CT, et al. Prevalence of conventional risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease. JAMA. 2003;290(7):898-904. doi:10.1001/jama.290.7.898.

2. Long B, Long DA, Tannenbaum L, et al. An emergency medicine approach to troponin elevation due to causes other than occlusion myocardial infarction. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(5):998-1006. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2019.12.007.

3. Masri W, Le Guillou E, Hamdi E, et al. Troponin elevation in other conditions than acute coronary syndromes. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2017;75(4):411-9. doi:10.1684/abc.2017.1262.

4. Shalnova SA, Drapkina OM, Kontsevaya AV, et al. A pilot project to study troponin I in a representative sample of the region from the ESSE-RF study: distribution among population and associations with risk factors. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2021;20(4):2940. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/1728-8800-2021-2940. EDN: RLATEV.

5. Zaninotto M, Padoan A, Mion MM, et al. Short-term biological variation and diurnal rhythm of cardiac troponin I (Access hs-TnI) in healthy subjects. Clin Chim Acta. 2020;504:163-7. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2020.02.004.

6. Holmes LJr. Hossain J, Ward D, et al. Racial/Ethnic Variability in Hypertension Prevalence and Risk Factors in National Health Interview Survey. Hypertension. 2013.р.8. doi:10.5402/2013/257842.

7. Hicken MT, Lee H, Morenoff J, et al. Racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension prevalence: reconsidering the role of chronic stress. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(1):117-23. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301395.

8. Agaku IT, King BA, Dube SR, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Current cigarette smoking among adults — United States, 2005-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(2):29-34.

9. Stewart CP, Christian P, Wu LS, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of elevated blood pressure, overweight, and dyslipidemia in adolescent and young adults in rural Nepal. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2013;11(5):319-28. doi:10.1089/met.2013.0016.

10. Polupanov AG, Kontsevaya AV, Mamasaidov JA, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among working-age residents of the Kyrgyz Republic. Kazan Medical Journal. 2016;97(4):618-24. (In Russ.) doi:10.17750/KMJ2015-618. EDN: WHASVB.

11. Kontsevaya АV, Polupanov AG, Mukaneeva DK, et al. Cardiac troponin I in a representative sample of the Kyrgyz Republic population: distribution, ethnic differences, and association with risk factors. "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension"). 2023;29(1):79- 90. (In Russ.) doi:10.18705/1607-419X-2022-28-6-79-90. EDN: GHESOG.

12. Polupanov AG, Khalmatov MN, Makhmudov MT, et al. Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among residents of the Kyrgyz Republic of working age. Bulletin of the Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University. 2014;14(5):128-32. (In Russ.)

13. Chaulin AM, Abashina OE, Dupliakov DV. High-sensitivity cardiac troponins (hs Tn): methods of determination and main analytical characteristics. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2021;20(2):2590. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/1728-8800-2021-2590. EDN: GMSVDQ.

14. Saunders JT, Nambi V, de Lemos JA, et al. Cardiac troponin T measured by a highly sensitive assay predicts coronary heart disease, heart failure, and mortality in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Circulation. 2011;123(13):1367-76. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.005264.

15. deFilippi CR, de Lemos JA, Christenson RH, et al. Association of serial measures of cardiac troponin T using a sensitive assay with incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in older adults. JAMA. 2010;304(22):2494-502. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1708.

16. McEvoy JW, Chen Y, Ndumele CE, et al. Six-Year Change in High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T and Risk of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Failure, and Death. JAMA Cardiol. 2016;1(5):519-28. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0765.

17. Jia X, Sun W, Hoogeveen RC, et al. High-Sensitivity Troponin I and Incident Coronary Events, Stroke, Heart Failure Hospitalization, and Mortality in the ARIC Study. Circulation. 2019;139(23):2642-53. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038772.

18. Iribarren C, Chandra M, Rana JS, et al. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and incident coronary heart disease among asymptomatic older adults. Heart. 2016;102(15):1177-82. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2015-309136.

19. Yang Y, Bartz TM, Brown MR, et al. Identification of Functional Genetic Determinants of Cardiac Troponin T and I in a Multiethnic Population and Causal Associations With Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2021;14(6):e003460. doi:10.1161/CIRCGEN.121.003460.

20. Mamatov SM, Murzaibragimova MМ, Arstanbekova MА, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly (LITERATURE REVIEW). Eurasian Journal of Public Health. 2025;(5):41-9. (In Russ.):10.54890/1694-8882-2024-5-41. EDN: AXNOQO.