Влияние тикагрелора и клопидогреля на ангиографические показатели в зависимости от статуса сахарного диабета у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST

Цель. Сравнить результаты ангиографии при применении тикагрелора и клопидогрела в зависимости от уровня HbA1c у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST.

Материал и  методы. Всего в  исследование было включено 532 пациента, из них 334 получали тикагрелор (62,8%) и 198 − клопидогрел (37,2%). Статус сахарного диабета оценивался по уровню HbA1c. Степень кровотока (TIMI flow grade) и  степень антеградного кровотока по количеству кадров (TIMI frame count, TFC) рассчитывали и сравнивали между двумя группами.

Результаты. У пациентов, получавших тикагрелор, кровоток 3 степени по TIMI регистрировался чаще, а показатель TFC был меньше после чрескожного коронарного вмешательства на инфаркт-связанной артерии, по сравнению с клопидогрелом (89,2% vs 73,7%; p < 0,001, 20 vs 24; p< 0,001). Отмечена положительная корреляционная связь между повышением уровня HbA1c и TFC во всей группе (r=0,225; p=0,004). При анализе подгрупп более высокие уровни HbA1c не влияли на TFC у пациентов, принимавших тикагрелор (r=-0,060; p=0,326 для пациентов с феноменом отсутствия дистального коронарного кровотока (no-reflow), r=-0,133; p=0,321 для пациентов с кровотоком 3 степени по TIMI). В то время как уровень HbA1c не влиял на TFC у пациентов с кровотоком 3 степени по TIMI, наличие феномена no-reflow было связано с ухудшением TFC у пациентов, принимавших клопидогрел, по мере увеличения уровня HbA1c (r=0,374; p=0,005).

Заключение. Было установлено, что прием тикагрелора связан с более благоприятными ангиографическими показателями независимо от сахарного диабета.

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