Features of glycemic status and risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes in Azerbaijan population

Aim. To study the associations of glycemic control with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and parameters of life quality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Material and methods. In single-step cross-sectional clinical-epidemiology cohort study were involved 142 patients with CAD and T2D between the ages of 35 and 69. The patients answered the questions of “ARiC” questioner about their socio-demographic status, behavioral risk factors and quality of life. We measured anthropometric indicators, determined level of glucose and glycated hemoglobin in venous plasma. Results. It was determined no statistically significant relationship between level of glycemic status and patients ages, education level, occupation and family status, physical activities, body mass index, smoking habit, feeding disorder, anxiety, stress conditions. Such life quality parameters as moving, taking care of oneself, daily activities, pain or feeling discomfort also didn’t have associations with glycemic status. In the background of abdominal obesity (p=0,034), using alcohol (p=0,045), depressive conditions (p=0,036) and such life quality parameters as anxiety or depression (p=0,039) control of glycaemia was disturbed. As a result, in 28,7% of patients with poor glycemic control compared with previous years, there was no change in the condition of patients, and 55,7%, on the contrary, worsened. An increase in the duration of diabetes and chronic hyperglycemia adversely affected the course of the disease (F=4,3, p=0,041 and F=18,3, p<0,001, respectively), and insufficient control of the glycemic status was accompanied by tachycardia.

Conclusion. In patients with CHD and T2D, alcohol intake, depressive conditions, abdominal obesity and an increase in the duration of diabetes were accompanied by worsening of glycemic control, which led to deterioration in the life quality parameters. Timely screening and adequate correction of these risk factors will prevent complications, mortality and disability, as well as reduce healthcare costs associated with these diseases.

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