Потенциальная роль микроРНК при кальцинозе сосудов

МикроРНК представляют собой класс эндогенных некодирующих РНК длиной 17-25 нуклеотидов, участвующих в регуляции экспрессии генов. В последнее время появляется все больше работ, подчеркивающих важную роль микроРНК в развитии и прогрессировании сердечно-сосудистых заболевании. Механизмы развития кальциноза включают нарушение в регуляции метаболизма кальция и фосфата, активацию сигнальных путей, регулирующих формирование костной ткани, и подавление сигнальных путей, ответственных за поддержание фенотипа гладкомышечных клеток. Участие микроРНК было продемонстрировано для каждого из перечисленных механизмов, что подчеркивает существенный вклад микроРНК в развитие кальциноза кровеносных сосудов. В данном обзоре обобщены научные данные по микроРНК, которые, как доказано, участвуют в развитии кальциноза in vitro и in vivo, их мишени и механизмы действия, а также собраны последние достижения в исследованиях микроРНК в контексте сосудистой кальцификации и обсуждается возможность их применения для ранней диагностики и терапии кальциноза при сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях.

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