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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2014-6-35-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-93</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ У ЖИТЕЛЕЙ БЛОКАДНОГО ЛЕНИНГРАДА — ПОИСК НОВЫХ ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES OF THE LENINGRAD SIEGE SURVIVORS - NEW RISK FACTORS RESEARCH</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ротарь</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rotar</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м.н., заведующая научно-исследовательской лабораторией “Эпидемиология артериальной гипертензии”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rotar@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Могучая</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moguchaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл.н. сотр.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н. сотр.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бояринова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyarinova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл.н. сотр.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н.сотр. той же лаборатории</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дудорова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dudorova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант научно-исследовательского отдела “Артериальной гипертензии”</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл.н.сотр. того же отдела</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солнцев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solntsev</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ст.н. сотр. научно-исследовательской лаборатории математического моделирования</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конради</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konradi</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м.н., профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Федеральный центр сердца, крови и эндокринологии имени В. А. Алмазова МЗ РФ, Санкт-Петербург, Россия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBI The Almazov Federal Centre for the Heart, Blood and Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Saint-Petersburg, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ротарь О.П., Могучая Е.В., Колесова Е.П., Бояринова М.А., Ерина А.М., Дудорова Е.А., Ильина М.А., Солнцев В.Н., Конради А.О., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ротарь О.П., Могучая Е.В., Колесова Е.П., Бояринова М.А., Ерина А.М., Дудорова Е.А., Ильина М.А., Солнцев В.Н., Конради А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rotar M.P., Moguchaya E.V., Kolesova E.P., Boyarinova M.A., Erina A.M., Dudorova E.A., Ilyina M.A., Solntsev V.N., Konradi A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/93">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/93</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка распространенности факторов риска и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний среди жителей блокадного Ленинграда и анализ их взаимосвязи с периодом детства, в котором было перенесено голодание.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Жители блокадного Ленинграда (ЖБЛ) Приморского района СПб были приглашены на обследование с декабря 2009 года по январь 2012 года. Все обследуемые были интервьюированы согласно специальному опроснику относительно образа жизни, сердечно-сосудистой патологии, сопутствующей патологии и приема медикаментозных препаратов. Были проведены измерение артериального давления (АД) и антропометрия. Уровень глюкозы и липидов определялся натощак на аппарате Hitachi-902. Всем пациентам выполнены электрокардиография (MAC1200ST) и эхокардиография (Vivid 7). Обследованы 305 пациентов, из них 224 (73%) – женщины и 81 (27%) – мужчины, средний возраст – 70,5 лет. Контрольная группа (46 пациентов) была сопоставима по полу и возрасту – 31 (67%) женщина и 15 (33%) мужчин, средний возраст – 71,3 лет. Из всех обследованных только 45 (14,7%) родились во время Блокады, 260 пациентов (85,3%) родились в период с 1928 по 1941 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. ЖБЛ имели ниже антропометрические показатели веса и роста, но выше уровень ЛПВП по сравнению с контрольной группой. При сравнении с группой контроля не было выявлено существенных различий в распространенности ССЗ: лишь хроническая форма ИБС встречалась чаще (48,9% против 33,3%, р=0,04, соответственно) и диагноз ФП несколько реже (17% против 8,5%, р=0,05) у ЖБЛ по сравнению с контрольной группой. Лица, перенесшие Блокаду в старшем детском и подростковом возрасте, имели значимо чаще гипертриглицеридемию по сравнению с теми, кто пережил Блокаду в раннем детском и внутриутробном периоде. Перенесенный ИМ (16 (19,8%) против 16 (7,2%), р=0,002) и ФП (13 (16,0%) против 12 (5,35%), р=0,02) чаще регистрировались у мужчин; но реже была частота гиперхолестеринемии (39 (48,1%) против 170 (75,8%), р&lt;0,0001) и абдоминального ожирения (43 (53,0%) против 162 (72,3%), р=0,001), по сравнению с женщинами.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, проведенное исследование не позволило выявить существенного вклада факта пребывания или рождения во время Блокады Ленинграда на уровень сердечно-сосудистых факторов риска и частоту самих сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Возможно, что отдаленные последствия голодания по прошествии десятилетий не столь сильно сказываются на состоянии здоровья, тогда как вступают в силу другие факторы образа жизни и генетической предрасположенности, которые определяют риск.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the influence of starvation on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases in survivors of Leningrad Siege, depending on the starvation occurrence. Material and methods. Leningrad Siege survivors from Primorsky district of Saint-Petersburg were invited and examined during December 2009 to January 2012. All participants were interviewed by a questionnaire regarding lifestyle, risk factors, cardiovascular disease, comorbidities and medication. Blood pressure (BP) measurements and anthropometry (weight, height, waist and neck circumference) were performed according to standard procedures. Fasting serum lipids and plasma glucose were measured on Hitachi-902. Echocardiography (Vivid 7) and electrocardiography (MAC1200ST) were performed. 305 survivors of Leningrad Siege (224 (73%) females and 81 (27%) males) were examined, the mean age was 70,5 yrs. In the control group were 46 patients with similar gender and age pattern — 31 (67%) females and 15 (33%) males, mean age was 71,3 years. All people were divided in two groups: who was born during the Leningrad Siege (45 (14,7%)) and before the Leningrad Siege (260 (85,3%) subjects) in the period from 1928 to 1941.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Siege survivors had lower anthropometric indexes but higher HDL level comparing with control group. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in 2 groups: only chronic CHD was more often (48,9% vs 33,3%, р=0,04) and prevalence of atrial fibrillation was slightly lower (17% vs 8.5%, p=0,05) in siege survivors comparing with the controls. Survivors who were undergone the starvation during childhood and adolescent period more often had hypertriglyceridemia comparing with subjects after intrauterine starvation. Diagnosis of myocardial infarction (16 (19,8%) vs 16 (7,2%), p=0,002) and AF (13 (16%) vs 12 (5,35%), respectively, p=0,02) were detected more often in men comparing with women. Males less often had hypercholesterolemia (39 (48,1%) vs 170 (75,8%), р&lt;0,0001) and abdominal obesity (43 (53,0%) vs 162 (72,3%), р=0,001) than females.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. No significant influence of starvation during Leningrad Siege on cardiovascular risk factors and diseases was revealed. Delayed consequences of starvation appeared to be less important than other risk factors and heredity predisposition.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жители блокадного Ленинграда</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>голодание</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Leningrad siege survivors</kwd><kwd>hypertension</kwd><kwd>starvation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barker DJ, Eriksson JG, Forsen T, et al. Fetal origins of adult disease: strength of effects and biological basis. Int J Epidemiol. 2002; 31: 1235-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barker DJ, Eriksson JG, Forsen T, et al. Fetal origins of adult disease: strength of effects and biological basis. 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