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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2025-6706</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MCCTDC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-6706</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИБРИЛЛЯЦИЯ ПРЕДСЕРДИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ATRIAL FIBRILLATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфологическое исследование сердца при фибрилляции предсердий. От патогенеза к лечению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The study of cardiac morphology in atrial fibrillation. From pathogenesis to treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0735-7822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанова</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanova</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д..м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой патологической анатомии с клиникой</p><p>ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197341</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akkuratova str., 2, St. Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lubamitr@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5768-8043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силкин</surname><given-names>M. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Silkin</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии с клиникой, аспирант кафедрыул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197341</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akkuratova str., 2, St. Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4670-5861</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубарев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubarev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.м.н., с.н.с. НИЛ интервенционной аритмологии, врач-кардиологул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197341</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akkuratova str., 2, St. Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>4S</issue><issue-title>Образование</issue-title><fpage>6706</fpage><lpage>6706</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Митрофанова Л.Б., Силкин M.С., Зубарев С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Митрофанова Л.Б., Силкин M.С., Зубарев С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mitrofanova L.B., Silkin M.S., Zubarev S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6706">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6706</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние различных патологических процессов на патогенез фибрилляции предсердий (ФП).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. У 42 пациентов, умерших от различных заболеваний, измерялась толщина жировой клетчатки передней брюшной стенки, взвешивались сердца и предварительно удаленный эпикардиальный жир (ЭЖ), вычислялось отношение массы сердца к массе ЭЖ. Еще у 52 пациентов исследовался миокард из зон терминального гребня, пучка Бахмана, верхней и нижней части задней стенки левого предсердия между устьями легочных вен. У 17 из них была длительно персистирующая ФП, у 7 — пароксизмальная. Проводились иммуногистохимическое исследование (ИГХИ) с антителами к коллагенам I и III, к Isl1 и иммунофлуоресцентное — с коктейлем Isl1/desmin.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Не было выявлено корреляции между массой ЭЖ, толщиной жировой клетчатки и ФП (соответственно, р=0,85, r=-0,029 и р=0,09, r=-0,29), средняя относительная площадь фиброзной ткани у пациентов без сердечнососудистой патологии в различных зонах предсердий составила от 6,0±4,1% до 9,9±6,3%, достоверно отличаясь во всех исследованных зонах предсердий в группе с длительно персистирующей ФП (р&lt;0,05). Амилоидоз предсердий был выявлен только в 3 случаях. Определена сильная корреляция ФП с коллагеном III (r=0,869, p&lt;0,01). ИГХИ выявило Isl1+стволовые клетки кардиомиоцитов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлена достоверная связь ФП со степенью фиброза предсердий, который обусловлен отложением коллагена III, а не коллагена I. Установлено отсутствие зависимости ФП от массы ЭЖ, ожирения и амилоидоза. Обнаружение стволовых клеток кардиомиоцитов в предсердии у пожилых пациентов открывает перспективы для клеточной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the impact of various pathological processes on atrial fibrillation (AF) pathogenesis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. In 42 patients died from various diseases, the abdominal wall fat thickness was measured. In addition, the hearts and previously removed epicardial fat (EF) were weighed, and the heart-to-EF mass ratio was calculated. In an additional 52 patients, myocardium was examined from the areas of the crista terminalis, Bachmann’s bundle, and the upper and lower posterior left atrial wall between the pulmonary vein orifices. Seventeen of these patients had long-standing persistent AF, and seven had paroxysmal AF. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed with anti-collagen I and III, and anti-Isl1 antibodies, and immunofluorescence was performed with an Isl1/desmin cocktail.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. No correlation was found between EF mass, fat pad thickness, and AF (p=0,85, r=-0,029 and p=0,09, r=-0,29, respectively). The mean relative area of fibrous tissue in patients without cardiovascular disease in various atrial areas ranged from 6,0±4,1% to 9,9±6,3%, differing significantly across all atrial areas in the group with long-standing persistent AF (p&lt;0,05). Atrial amyloidosis was detected in only 3 cases. A strong correlation between AF and collagen III was determined (r=0,869, p&lt;0,01). IHC detected Isl+cardiomyocyte stem cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A significant association was found between AF and atrial fibrosis severity, which is caused by the deposition of collagen III rather than collagen I. AF was found to be unrelated to epicardial fat mass, obesity, and amyloidosis. The detection of cardiomyocyte stem cells in the atria of elderly patients open the potential for cell therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>фиброз</kwd><kwd>коллагены</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>амилоидоз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>fibrosis</kwd><kwd>collagens</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>amyloidosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ihara K, Sasano T. Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. Frontiers in Physiology. 2022;13:862164. doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.862164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ihara K, Sasano T. Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. 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