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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2026-6632</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TOWTOD</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-6632</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИОКАРДИТ, ЭНДОКАРДИТ И КАРДИОМИОПАТИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние микроРНК-21 на формирование клинических вариантов течения и риска внезапной сердечной смерти у больных с гипертрофической кардиомиопатией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of microRNA-21 on the development of clinical variations and risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-5613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ташина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tashina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-кардиолог, аспирант 3-го года обучения кафедры госпитальной терапии № 1</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trubetskaya str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tashina97@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9908-9476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Привалова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Privalova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии № 1</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trubetskaya str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">privalova_e_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5864-0938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каплунова</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaplunova</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии № 1</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trubetskaya str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaplunovavy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3014-6129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беленков</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belenkov</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, зав. кафедрой госпитальной терапии № 1</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trubetskaya str., 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belenkov_yu_n@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6632</fpage><lpage>6632</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ташина Е.И., Привалова Е.В., Каплунова В.Ю., Беленков Ю.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ташина Е.И., Привалова Е.В., Каплунова В.Ю., Беленков Ю.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tashina E.I., Privalova E.V., Kaplunova V.Y., Belenkov Y.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6632">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6632</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние уровня экспрессии микроРНК-21 на формирование клинических вариантов течения и риска внезапной сердечной смерти (ВСС) у пациентов с гипертрофической кардиомиопатией (ГКМП).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 84 человека: 42 пациента (22 мужчины и 20 женщин) с подтвержденным диагнозом ГКМП, а также 42 пациента без ГКМП, сопоставимых по полу и возрасту — контрольная группа. Средний возраст наблюдавшихся составил 57,2±14,2 года. Всем участникам выполнялось комплексное обследование, включающее электрокардиографию, эхокардиографию с оценкой параметров гипертрофии и диастолической функции, холтеровское мониторирование электрокардиограммы, а также лабораторные исследования (включая N-концевой промозговой натрийуретический пептид). Для молекулярно-биологического анализа у всех участников определяли уровень циркулирующей микроРНК-21 в плазме крови методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Уровень микроРНК-21 был достоверно повышен у всех пациентов с ГКМП по сравнению с контрольной группой (p&lt;0,001), без значимых различий между клиническими вариантами течения (стабильный, с фибрилляцией предсердий, прогрессирующий). При этом только группа с прогрессирующим вариантом имела статистически значимый более высокий расчетный риск ВСС (p=0,003). Прямой корреляции между уровнем микроРНК-21 и риском ВСС не выявлено (p=0,959).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. МикроРНК-21 является чувствительным биомаркером патологического ремоделирования миокарда при ГКМП, но не пригодна для стратификации индивидуального риска ВСС. Повышенный риск ВСС при прогрессирующем варианте заболевания, вероятно, обусловлен формированием иного субстрата, не отражаемого напрямую уровнем данной микроРНК. Стратификация риска должна оставаться комплексной.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the impact of microRNA-21 expression levels on the development of clinical variants and risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 84 participants as follows: 42 patients (22 men and 20 women) with a confirmed diagnosis of HCM, and 42 patients without HCM, matched for sex and age (the control group). The mean age of the participants was 57,2±14,2 years. All participants underwent a comprehensive examination, including electrocardiography, echocardiography assessing hypertrophy and diastolic function parameters, Holter monitoring, and laboratory tests (including N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide). For molecular biology analysis, circulating microRNA-21 levels in plasma were measured in all participants using real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. MicroRNA-21 levels were significantly elevated in all patients with HCM compared to the control group (p&lt;0,001), with no significant differences between clinical variants (stable, with atrial fibrillation, and progressive). Only the group with the progressive variant had a significantly higher estimated risk of SCD (p=0,003). No direct correlation was found between microRNA-21 levels and SCD risk (p=0,959).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. MicroRNA-21 is a sensitive biomarker of pathological myocardial remodeling in HCM but is not suitable for stratifying individual SCD risk. The increased risk of SCD in progressive cases is likely due to different substrate not directly reflected by this microRNA level. Risk stratification should remain comprehensive.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование</kwd><kwd>фиброз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>microRNA</kwd><kwd>remodeling</kwd><kwd>fibrosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бокерия Л. А., Шляхто Е. В., Габрусенко С. А. и др. Гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия. Клинические рекомендации 2025. 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