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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2025-6132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-6132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Безопасность оральных антикоагулянтов: фокус на церебральные микрокровоизлияния</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety of oral anticoagulants: focus on cerebral microbleeds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3091-7904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyaeva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Сергеевна Черняева — к. м. н., доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии им. акад. Б. Е. Вотчала; доцент кафедры внутренних болезней и профилактической медицины; зав. отделением гериатрии; главный внештатный специалист по гериатрии ДЗМ в ЮВАО г. Москвы.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Pilya.ru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5050-4220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Александровна Моисеева — врач-терапевт консультативного отделения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ka2sha.moiseeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2933-637X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погодина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogodina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Алексеевна Погодина — студент 6 курса.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasiz_alma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9788-5666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прохорова</surname><given-names> Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhorova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Алексеевна Прохорова — к. м. н., с. н. с. отдела клинической физиологии, инструментальной и лучевой диагностики, врач-рентгенолог отделения рентгендиагностики и компьютерной томографии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katrinpr@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4848-4988</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Валентиновна Зыкова — к. м. н., врач-невролог, зам. главного врача по клинико-экспертной работе.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zykova.oksana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9777-3832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>L. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лариса Александровна Егорова — д. м. н., профессор кафедры внутренних болезней и профилактической медицины.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egorova-ossn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9599-7381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масленникова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslennikova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Михайловна Масленникова — д. м. н., зав. кафедрой внутренних болезней и профилактической медицины.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">O.m.maslennikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8830-7231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломакин</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomakin</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Валерьевич Ломакин — д. м. н., зав. кафедрой кардиологии; зав. кардиологическим отделением № 2, главный внештатный специалист кардио­лог Управления Делами Президента РФ.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lomakinnikita@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Алексеевич Сычев — д. м. н., профессор, профессор РАН, академик РАН, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, зав. кафедрой клинической фармакологии и терапии им. акад. Б.Е. Вотчала.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dimasychev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России; ФГБУ ДПО Центральная государственная медицинская академия Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации; ГБУЗ Госпиталь для ветеранов вой­н № 2 ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Central State Medical Academy of the Administrative Department of the Presi­dent of the Russian Federation; Hospital for War Veterans № 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Госпиталь для ветеранов войн № 2 ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Hospital for War Veterans № 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-клинический центр № 1, ФГБНУ Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research and Clinical Center № 1, Petrovsky Russian Scientific Center of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ДПО Центральная государственная медицинская академия Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central State Medical Academy of the Administrative Department of the Presi­dent of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России; ФГБУ Централь­ная клиническая больница с поликлиникой Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Central Clinical Hospital with a Polyclinic of the Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>6S</issue><issue-title>Обзоры литературы, мнения по проблеме</issue-title><fpage>6132</fpage><lpage>6132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черняева М.С., Моисеева Е.А., Погодина А.А., Прохорова  .А., Зыкова О.В., Егорова Л.А., Масленникова О.М., Ломакин Н.В., Сычев Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черняева М.С., Моисеева Е.А., Погодина А.А., Прохорова  .А., Зыкова О.В., Егорова Л.А., Масленникова О.М., Ломакин Н.В., Сычев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernyaeva M.S., Moiseeva E.A., Pogodina A.A., Prokhorova E.A., Zykova O.V., Egorova L.А., Maslennikova O.M., Lomakin N.V., Sychev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6132">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6132</self-uri><abstract><p>Сегодня широко используется назначение оральных антикоагулянтов и продолжается изучение безопасности данных препаратов. Ввиду усовершенствования методов диагностики и улучшение силы магнитно-резонансных систем, все чаще стали выявлять церебральные микрокровоизлияния (ЦМК, англ.: cerebral microbleeds, CMBs), которые представляют собой небольшие отложения макрофагов, нагруженные гемосидерином вокруг сосудов головного мозга. Последнее время ЦМК стали рассматривать в качестве предиктора внутричерепного кровоизлияния на фоне приема оральных антикоагулянтов. В связи с чем мы решили обобщить данные, касающиеся безопасности оральных антикоагулянтов в отношении развития ЦМК.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Oral anticoagulants are currently widely used, which requires continued research on their safety. With the improvement of diagnostic methods and power of magnetic resonance systems, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), which are small deposits of hemosiderin-laden macrophages around the brain vessels, are increasingly being detected. Recently, CMB has been considered as a predictor of intracranial hemorrhage with oral anticoagulant use. In this regard, we decided to summarize the data on the safety of oral anticoagulants in relation to CMBs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>безопасность оральных антикоагулянтов</kwd><kwd>церебральные микрокровоизлияния</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>safety of oral anticoagulants</kwd><kwd>cerebral microbleeds</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аракелян М. Г., Бокерия Л. А., Васильева Е. Ю. и др. Фибрилляция и трепетание предсердий. Клинические рекомендации 2020. 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