<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2024-5977</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RGBFNE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-5977</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF STUDY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка выраженности венозного застоя и исходов госпитализации у пациентов с острой декомпенсацией сердечной недостаточности с сохраненной фракцией выброса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative assessment of venous congestion severity and hospitalization outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8993-7892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогожкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogozhkina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елизавета Александровна Рогожкина — м. н. с. лаборатории кардиовизуализации, вегетативной регуляции и сомнологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lizarogozkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-676X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веденикин</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vedenikin</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофей Юрьевич Веденикин — зав. отделением анестезиологии-реанимации для больных кардиологического профиля.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Vedenikin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-6713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Сергеевич Тимофеев — к. м. н., с. н. с. отдела фундаментальных и прикладных аспектов ожирения, руководитель лаборатории изучения биохимических маркеров риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний им. Н. В. Перовой.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timofeev_lab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-959X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Александровна Иванова — м. н. с. отдела фундаментальных и прикладных аспектов ожирения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annaivanova12121@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-959X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афаунова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afaunova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Руслановна Афаунова — врач-терапевт, аспирант.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lizarogozkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5384-3795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джиоева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhioeva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Джиоева — д. м. н., в. н. с. отдела фундаментальных и прикладных аспектов ожирения, директор Института профессионального образования, руководитель лаборатории кардиовизуализации, вегетативной регуляции и сомнологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dzhioevaon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Михайловна Драпкина — д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, директор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drapkina@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Городская клиническая больница им. В.В. Вересаева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Veresaev City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО Российский университет медицины Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>5977</fpage><lpage>5977</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рогожкина Е.А., Веденикин Т.Ю., Тимофеев Ю.С., Иванова А.А., Афаунова А.Р., Джиоева О.Н., Драпкина О.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рогожкина Е.А., Веденикин Т.Ю., Тимофеев Ю.С., Иванова А.А., Афаунова А.Р., Джиоева О.Н., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rogozhkina E.A., Vedenikin T.Y., Timofeev Y.S., Ivanova A.A., Afaunova A.R., Dzhioeva O.N., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5977">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5977</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Охарактеризовать возможности дополнительных инструментальных методов исследования (ультразвуковая диагностика, определение композиционного состава тела) для оценки выраженности застоя у пациентов с острой декомпенсацией сердечной недостаточности с сохраненной фракцией выброса (ОДСНсФВ) с венозным застоем различной степени в условиях отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследовано 82 пациента с диагнозом ОДСНсФВ в возрасте от 50 до 85 лет, которые были госпитализированы в реанимационное отделение ГКБ им. В. В. Вересаева г. Москвы. Всем пациентам проводилось стандартное клинико-лабораторное обследование, включая определение N-концевого промозгового натрийуретического пептида (NT-proBNP), инструментальные исследования (эхокардиография, рентгенография легких, биоимпедансный анализ, ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) по протоколу Venous excess UltraSound (VExUS), УЗИ легких). В зависимости от степени застойных явлений, визуализированных по VExUS, пациенты были разделены на три группы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медианы уровня NT-proBNP, показателей Е/А и Е/е', количества В-линий в сегменте, внеклеточной жидкости (ВКЖ) и общей жидкости (ОЖ) и дозы диуретиков, используемых в стационаре, у больных с ОДСНсФВ и выраженным застоем были статистически значимо выше. Признаки застоя, полученные в результате рентгенологического обследования, достоверно не различались между группами. Смерть в стационаре была ассоциирована с более высокими значениями NT-proBNP, показателя Е/А, диаметра НПВ, количества В-линий в сегменте, ВКЖ и ОЖ. Шансы наступления летального исхода у пациентов с VExUS Grade 3 увеличивались в 20,9 раз по сравнению с Grade 1 (95% доверительный интервал: 1,125-387,688).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлена связь концентрации NT-proBNP, дозы диуретиков, используемых в стационаре, и количества ВКЖ и ОЖ с выраженностью застойных явлений при ОДСНсФВ. Помимо этого, была показана связь с госпитальной летальностью для таких маркеров венозного застоя, как степень по протоколу VExUS и соотношение ВКЖ/ОЖ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To characterize the potental of additional paraclinical research methods (ultrasound, determination of body composition) for assessing the congestion severity in patients with acute decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (ADHFpEF) in the intensive care unit.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. We examined 82 patients with ADHFpEF aged from 50 to 85 years, who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the Veresaev City Clinical Hospital (Moscow). All patients underwent a standard clinical and laboratory examination, including determination of NT-proBNP, as well as echocardiography, chest radiography, bioimpedance analysis, Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS), lung ultrasound. Depending on the congestion degree visualized by VExUS, patients were divided into three groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median levels of NT-proBNP, E/A and E/e', number of B-lines in one lung segment, ECW and TBW, and the diuretics' dose used in the hospital in pa tients with ADHFpEF and severe congestion were significantly higher. Signs of congestion obtained as a result of X-ray examination did not differ significantly between groups. In-hospital death was associated with higher values of NT-proBNP, E/A ratio, IVC diameter, number of B-lines in one lung segment, ECW and TBW. The odds of death in patients with VExUS Grade 3 increased 20,9 times compared to Grade 1 (95% CI: 1,125-387,688).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Higher levels of NT-proBNP, the dose of diuretics used in the hospital, and ECW and TBW were associated with congestion severity. The severity of congestion assessed by VExUS and ECW/TBW are positively associated with inhospital mortality</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечная недостаточность с сохраненной фракцией выброса</kwd><kwd>острая декомпенсация</kwd><kwd>венозный застой</kwd><kwd>биоимпедансный анализ</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование легких</kwd><kwd>протокол VExUS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart failure with preserved ejection fraction</kwd><kwd>acute decompensation</kwd><kwd>venous congestion</kwd><kwd>bioimpedance analysis</kwd><kwd>pulmonary ultrasound</kwd><kwd>VExUS protocol</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фомин И. В. Хроническая сердечная недостаточность в российской федерации: что сегодня мы знаем и что должны делать. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;(8):7­13. doi:10.15829/15604071­2016­8­7­13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fomin IV. Сhronic heart failure in Russian federation: what do we know and what to do. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2016;(8):7­13. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/15604071­2016­8­7­13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pieske B, Tschöpe C, de Boer RA, et al. How to diagnose heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the HFA­PEFF diagnostic algorithm: a consensus recommendation from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) [published correction appears in Eur Heart J. 2021;42(13):1274]. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(40):3297­317. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz641.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pieske B, Tschöpe C, de Boer RA, et al. How to diagnose heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the HFA­PEFF diagnostic algorithm: a consensus recommendation from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) [published correction appears in Eur Heart J. 2021;42(13):1274]. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(40):3297­317. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz641.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzhioeva O, Belyavskiy E. Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): Current Perspectives and Recommendations. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2020;16:769­85. doi:10.2147/TCRM.S207117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzhioeva O, Belyavskiy E. Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): Current Perspectives and Recommendations. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2020;16:769­85. doi:10.2147/TCRM.S207117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова А. А., Джиоева О. Н., Лавренова Е. А. и др. Сложные вопросы диагностики сердечной недостаточности с сохраненной фракцией выброса: фокус на эхокардиографические исследования. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2023;22(5):3565. doi:10.15829/17288800­2023­3565.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanova AA, Dzhioeva ON, Lavrenova EA, et al. Diagnostic challenges of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: focus on echocardiography. Cardiovascular Thera py and Prevention. 2023;22(5):3565. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/17288800­2023­3565.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Escobar C, Palacios B, Varela L, et al. Prevalence, Characteristics, Management and Outcomes of Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved, Mildly Reduced, and Reduced Ejection Fraction in Spain. J. Clin. Med. 2022;11:5199. doi:10.3390/jcm11175199.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Escobar C, Palacios B, Varela L, et al. Prevalence, Characteristics, Management and Outcomes of Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved, Mildly Reduced, and Reduced Ejection Fraction in Spain. J. Clin. Med. 2022;11:5199. doi:10.3390/jcm11175199.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shahim A, Hourqueig M, Donal E, et al. Predictors of long­term outcome in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a follow­up from the KaRen study. ESC Heart Fail. 2021;8(5):4243­54. doi:10.1002/ehf2.13533.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shahim A, Hourqueig M, Donal E, et al. Predictors of long­term outcome in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a follow­up from the KaRen study. ESC Heart Fail. 2021;8(5):4243­54. doi:10.1002/ehf2.13533.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российское кардиологическое общество (РКО) Хроническая сердечная недостаточность. Клинические рекомендации 2020. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2020;25(11):4083. doi:10.15829/1560­4071­2020­4083.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Cardiology (RSC) 2020 Clinical practice guidelines for Chronic heart failure. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;25(11):4083. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/1560­4071­2020­4083.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collins SP, Lindsell CJ, Storrow AB, et al. Prevalence of negative chest radiography results in the emergency department patient with decompensated heart failure. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;47:13­8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Collins SP, Lindsell CJ, Storrow AB, et al. Prevalence of negative chest radiography results in the emergency department patient with decompensated heart failure. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;47:13­8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Riet EE, Hoes AW, Wagenaar KP, et al. Epidemiology of heart failure: the prevalence of heart failure and ventricular dysfunction in older adults over time. A systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(3):242­52. doi:10.1002/ejhf.483.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Riet EE, Hoes AW, Wagenaar KP, et al. Epidemiology of heart failure: the prevalence of heart failure and ventricular dysfunction in older adults over time. A systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(3):242­52. doi:10.1002/ejhf.483.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Massari F, Scicchitano P, Iacoviello M, et al. Multiparametric approach to congestion for predicting long­term survival in heart failure. J Cardiol. 2020;75(1):47­52. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.05.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Massari F, Scicchitano P, Iacoviello M, et al. Multiparametric approach to congestion for predicting long­term survival in heart failure. J Cardiol. 2020;75(1):47­52. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.05.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McDonagh T, Metra M. 2021 Рекомендации ESC по диагностике и лечению острой и хронической сердечной недостаточности. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2023;28(1):5168. doi:10.10.15829/1560­4071­2023­5168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McDonagh T, Metra M. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2023;28(1):5168. (In Russ.) doi:10.10.15829/1560­4071­2023­5168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мареев Ю. В., Джиоева О. Н., Зоря О. Т. и др. Фокусное ультразвуковое исследование в практике врача-кардиолога. Российский согласительный документ. Кардиология. 2021;61(11):4­23. doi:10.18087/cardio.2021.11.n1812.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mareev YuV, Dzhioeva ON, Zorya OT, et al. Focus ultrasound for cardiology practice. Russian consensus document. Kardiologiia. 2021;61(11):4­23. (In Russ.) doi:10.18087/cardio.2021.11.n1812.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beaubien-Souligny W, Rola P, Haycock K, et al. Quantifying systemic congestion with Point-Of-Care ultrasound: development of the venous excess ultrasound grading system. Ultrasound J. 2020;12(1):16. doi:10.1186/s13089­020­00163­w.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beaubien-Souligny W, Rola P, Haycock K, et al. Quantifying systemic congestion with Point-Of-Care ultrasound: development of the venous excess ultrasound grading system. Ultrasound J. 2020;12(1):16. doi:10.1186/s13089­020­00163­w.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rola P, Miralles-Aguiar F, Argaiz E, et al. Clinical applications of the venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) score: conceptual review and case series. Ultrasound J. 2021;13:32. doi:10.1186/s13089­021­00232­8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rola P, Miralles-Aguiar F, Argaiz E, et al. Clinical applications of the venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) score: conceptual review and case series. Ultrasound J. 2021;13:32. doi:10.1186/s13089­021­00232­8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shchelykalina S, Nikolaev D, Kolesnikov V, et al. Technology of two­dimensional bioimpedance analysis of the human body composition. Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance. 2021;12(1):17­25. doi:10.2478/joeb­2021­0004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchelykalina S, Nikolaev D, Kolesnikov V, et al. Technology of two­dimensional bioimpedance analysis of the human body composition. Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance. 2021;12(1):17­25. doi:10.2478/joeb­2021­0004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ullah R, Shiraz A, Bahadur S, et al. Frequency of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Presenting With Decompensated Heart Failure. Cureus. 2021;13(12):e20594. doi:10.7759/cureus.20594.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ullah R, Shiraz A, Bahadur S, et al. Frequency of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Presenting With Decompensated Heart Failure. Cureus. 2021;13(12):e20594. doi:10.7759/cureus.20594.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Theofilis P, Oikonomou E, Tsioufis K, et al. Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure: Epidemiology, Pathophysiologic Mechanisms, and the Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors. Life (Basel). 2023;13(2):497. doi:10.3390/life13020497.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Theofilis P, Oikonomou E, Tsioufis K, et al. Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure: Epidemiology, Pathophysiologic Mechanisms, and the Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors. Life (Basel). 2023;13(2):497. doi:10.3390/life13020497.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bozkurt B, Coats AJS, Tsutsui H, et al. Universal definition and classification of heart failure: a report of the Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, Japanese Heart Failure Society and Writing Committee of the Universal Definition of Heart Failure: Endorsed by the Canadian Heart Failure Society, Heart Failure Association of India, Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand, and Chinese Heart Failure Association. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(3):352­80. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bozkurt B, Coats AJS, Tsutsui H, et al. Universal definition and classification of heart failure: a report of the Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, Japanese Heart Failure Society and Writing Committee of the Universal Definition of Heart Failure: Endorsed by the Canadian Heart Failure Society, Heart Failure Association of India, Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand, and Chinese Heart Failure Association. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(3):352­80. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2115.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Longino A, Martin K, Leyba K, et al. Prospective Evaluation of Venous Excess Ultrasound for Estimation of Venous Congestion. Chest. 2024;165(3):590­600. doi:10.1016/j.chest. 2023.09.029.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Longino A, Martin K, Leyba K, et al. Prospective Evaluation of Venous Excess Ultrasound for Estimation of Venous Congestion. Chest. 2024;165(3):590­600. doi:10.1016/j.chest. 2023.09.029.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee AP, Fan Y. Battling Congestion in HFpEF: Can Echocardiography Be Our Crystal Ball? JACC Asia. 2022;2(1):85­6. doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.12.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee AP, Fan Y. Battling Congestion in HFpEF: Can Echocardiography Be Our Crystal Ball? JACC Asia. 2022;2(1):85­6. doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.12.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abe H, Kosugi S, Ozaki T, et al. Prognostic Impact of Echocardiographic Congestion Grade in HFpEF With and Without Atrial Fibrillation. JACC Asia. 2022;2(1):73­84. doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.10.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abe H, Kosugi S, Ozaki T, et al. Prognostic Impact of Echocardiographic Congestion Grade in HFpEF With and Without Atrial Fibrillation. JACC Asia. 2022;2(1):73­84. doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.10.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pellicori P, Carubelli V, Zhang J, et al. IVC diameter in patients with chronic heart failure: relationships and prognostic significance. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(1):16­28. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.08.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pellicori P, Carubelli V, Zhang J, et al. IVC diameter in patients with chronic heart failure: relationships and prognostic significance. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(1):16­28. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.08.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Platz E, Jhund PS, Girerd N, et al. Expert consensus document: Reporting checklist for quantification of pulmonary congestion by lung ultrasound in heart failure. European Journal of Heart Failure. 2019;21(7):844­51. doi:10.1002/ejhf.1499.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Platz E, Jhund PS, Girerd N, et al. Expert consensus document: Reporting checklist for quantification of pulmonary congestion by lung ultrasound in heart failure. European Journal of Heart Failure. 2019;21(7):844­51. doi:10.1002/ejhf.1499.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torres-Arrese M, Mata-Martínez A, Luordo-Tedesco D, et al. Usefulness of Systemic Venous Ultrasound Protocols in the Prognosis of Heart Failure Patients: Results from a Prospective Multicentric Study. J Clin Med. 2023;12(4):1281. doi:10.3390/jcm12041281.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torres-Arrese M, Mata-Martínez A, Luordo-Tedesco D, et al. Usefulness of Systemic Venous Ultrasound Protocols in the Prognosis of Heart Failure Patients: Results from a Prospective Multicentric Study. J Clin Med. 2023;12(4):1281. doi:10.3390/jcm12041281.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fudim M, Hernandez AF, Felker GM. Role of Volume Redistribution in the Congestion of Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(8). doi:10.1161/JAHA.117.006817.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fudim M, Hernandez AF, Felker GM. Role of Volume Redistribution in the Congestion of Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(8). doi:10.1161/JAHA.117.006817.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cogliati C, Casazza G, Ceriani E, et al. Lung ultrasound and short term prognosis in heart failure patients. Int J Cardiol. 2016;218:104 8. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.05.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cogliati C, Casazza G, Ceriani E, et al. Lung ultrasound and short term prognosis in heart failure patients. Int J Cardiol. 2016;218:104 8. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.05.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coiro S, Porot G, Rossignol P, et al. Prognostic value of pulmonary congestion assessed by lung ultrasound imaging during heart failure hospitalisation: A two centre cohort study. Sci Rep. 2016;6:39426. doi:10.1038/srep39426.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coiro S, Porot G, Rossignol P, et al. Prognostic value of pulmonary congestion assessed by lung ultrasound imaging during heart failure hospitalisation: A two centre cohort study. Sci Rep. 2016;6:39426. doi:10.1038/srep39426.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Namba Y, Yunoki K, Nakamura K, et al. Differences in extracellular fluid volume between acute heart failure patients with and without high systolic blood pressure. ESC Heart Fail. 2022;9(5):3358­66. doi:10.1002/ehf2.14067.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Namba Y, Yunoki K, Nakamura K, et al. Differences in extracellular fluid volume between acute heart failure patients with and without high systolic blood pressure. ESC Heart Fail. 2022;9(5):3358­66. doi:10.1002/ehf2.14067.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cardinale L, Priola AM, Moretti F, et al. Effectiveness of chest radiography, lung ultrasound and thoracic computed tomography in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure. World J Radiol. 2014;6(6):230­7. doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i6.230.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cardinale L, Priola AM, Moretti F, et al. Effectiveness of chest radiography, lung ultrasound and thoracic computed tomography in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure. World J Radiol. 2014;6(6):230­7. doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i6.230.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
