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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2024-5851</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TTRIVC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-5851</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МУЛЬТИФОКАЛЬНЫЙ АТЕРОСКЛЕРОЗ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MULTIFOCAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зрелые нейтрофилы как маркер гипоэхогенных каротидных атеросклеротических бляшек и предиктор прогрессирования мультифокального атеросклероза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mature neutrophils as a marker of hypoechoic carotid plaques and a predictor of polyvascular disease progression</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-3803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генкель</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Genkel</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генкель Вадим Викторович — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Genkel - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">henkel-07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-5702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Алла Сергеевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla S. Kuznetsova - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzja321@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-0924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савочкина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savochkina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савочкина Альбина Юрьевна — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albina Yu. Savochkina - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alina7423@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5960-4189</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батурина</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baturina</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батурина Ирина Леонидовна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник НИИ иммунологии.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina L. Baturina - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Research Institute of Immunology.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irisha_baturina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-9278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никушкина</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikushkina</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никушкина Карина Викторовна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник НИИ иммунологии.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karina V. Nikushkina - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Research Institute of Immunology.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">knikushkina81@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9084-0577</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минасова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minasova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минасова Анна Александровна — кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии, иммунологии.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Minasova - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pandora_anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0658-7626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыхова</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pykhova</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пыхова Любовь Романовна — кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии, иммунологии.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov R. Pykhova - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyubov_pykhova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4842-0875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сумеркина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sumerkina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сумеркина Вероника Андреевна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ЦНИЛ.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika A. Sumerkina - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Central Scientific Research Laboratory.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">veronika.sumerkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7039-838X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудринская</surname><given-names>Я. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudrinskaya</surname><given-names>Ya. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудринская Яна Игоревна — старший лаборант кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana I. Kudrinskaya - senior laboratory assistant at the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yanakud123@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7731-7730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошник</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnik</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шапошник Игорь Иосифович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor I. Shaposhnik - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shaposhnik@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0901-8042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгушин</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgushin</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгушин Илья Ильич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, академик РАН, президент.</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya I. Dolgushin - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dol-ii@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>5851</fpage><lpage>5851</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Генкель В.В., Кузнецова А.С., Савочкина А.Ю., Батурина И.Л., Никушкина К.В., Минасова А.А., Пыхова Л.Р., Сумеркина В.А., Кудринская Я.И., Шапошник И.И., Долгушин И.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Генкель В.В., Кузнецова А.С., Савочкина А.Ю., Батурина И.Л., Никушкина К.В., Минасова А.А., Пыхова Л.Р., Сумеркина В.А., Кудринская Я.И., Шапошник И.И., Долгушин И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Genkel V.V., Kuznetsova A.S., Savochkina A.Y., Baturina I.L., Nikushkina K.V., Minasova A.A., Pykhova L.R., Sumerkina V.A., Kudrinskaya Y.I., Shaposhnik I.I., Dolgushin I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5851">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5851</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка диагностической и прогностической ценности циркулирующих зрелых и стареющих нейтрофилов в отношении наличия гипоэхогенных каротидных атеросклеротических бляшек (АСБ) и краткосрочного прогрессирования каротидного и мультифокального атеросклероза (МФА).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 200 пациентов, 89 мужчин и 111 женщин, в возрасте 40-64 лет. Всем пациентами проводили дуплексное сканирование артерий каротидного бассейна и артерий нижних конечностей на первом визите и на повторном визите через 12-24 мес. Ультразвуковую морфологию каротидных АСБ оценивали методом GSM-анализа. Фенотипирование и дифференцировку субпопуляций нейтрофилов осуществляли методом проточной цитометрии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Абсолютное и относительное количество зрелых нейтрофилов прямо коррелировало с ультразвуковыми индикаторами атеросклероза сонных артерий, количество стареющих нейтрофилов — со степенью стенозирования артерий нижних конечностей. Пациенты с гипоэхогенными каротидными АСБ характеризовались статистически значимо большим абсолютным количеством зрелых нейтрофилов (p=0,0340). Увеличение количества зрелых нейтрофилов &gt;3023,0 кл/мкл позволяло прогнозировать наличие гипоэхогенных каротидных АСБ с чувствительностью 75,0% и специфичностью 69,5%. Пациенты с прогрессированием каротидного атеросклероза отличались большим абсолютным количеством зрелых нейтрофилов (p=0,0140), как и пациенты с прогрессированием МФА (p=0,0162). Увеличение количества зрелых нейтрофилов &gt;3223,0 кл/мкл ассоциировалось с увеличением относительного риска прогрессирования МФА в 3,09 раза (95% доверительный интервал: 1,34-7,17; p=0,0082) после поправки на исходный сердечно-сосудистый риск.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Среди пациентов 40-64 лет увеличение количества циркулирующих зрелых нейтрофилов ассоциируется с увеличением бремени каротидного атеросклероза и наличием гипоэхогенных каротидных АСБ. Увеличение количества зрелых нейтрофилов &gt;3223,0 кл/мкл ассоциировалось с увеличением относительного риска прогрессирования МФА в 3,09 раза после поправки на исходный сердечно-сосудистый риск.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating mature and aging neutrophils in relation to hypoechoic carotid plaques and short-term progression of carotid and multifocal atherosclerosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 200 patients (89 males and 111 fe­males), aged 40-64 years. All patients underwent duplex ultrasound of the carotid and lower extremity arteries at the first visit and at a repeat visit after 12-24 months. Ultrasound morphology of carotid plaques was assessed using greyscale median analysis. Phenotyping and differentiation of neutrophil subpopulations was carried out using flow cytometry.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The absolute and relative number of mature neutrophils directly correlated with ultrasound indicators of carotid atherosclerosis, while the number of aging neutrophils — with the degree of lower extremity artery stenosis. Patients with hypoechoic carotid plaques were characterized by a significantly higher absolute number of mature neutrophils (p=0,0340). An increase in the number of mature neutrophils over 3023,0 cells/μL made it possible to predict the hypoechoic carotid plaques with a sensitivity of 75,0% and a specificity of 69,5%. Patients with carotid atherosclerosis progression had a higher absolute number of mature neutrophils (p=0,0140), as did patients with progression of multifocal atherosclerosis (p=0,0162). An increase in the number of mature neutrophils more than 3223,0 cells/μL was associated with an increase in the relative risk of polyvascular disease progression by 3,09 times (95% confidence interval, 1,34-7,17; p=0,0082) after adjustment for baseline cardiovascular disease risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Among patients aged 40-64 years, increased numbers of circulating mature neutrophils are associated with an increased carotid plaque burden and hypoechoic carotid plaques. An increase in the number of mature neutrophils over 3223,0 cells/μL was associated with a 3,09-fold increase in the relative risk of polyvascular disease after adjustment for baseline cardiovascular risk.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы</kwd><kwd>GSM-анализ</kwd><kwd>зрелые нейтрофилы</kwd><kwd>прогрессирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>neutrophils</kwd><kwd>greyscale median analysis</kwd><kwd>mature neutrophils</kwd><kwd>progression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garratt LW. Current Understanding of the Neutrophil Transcriptome in Health and Disease. 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