russjcardiolРоссийский кардиологический журналRussian Journal of Cardiology1560-40712618-7620«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4251russjcardiol-4251Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWГенетические и эпигенетические факторы, регулирующие экспрессию и функционирование рецептора витамина D у больных ишемической болезнью сердцаGenetic and epigenetic factors regulating the expression and function of the vitamin D receptor in patients with coronary artery diseasehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-4006ИоноваЖ. И.IonovaZh. I.

Кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии и функциональной диагностики с клиникой.Санкт-Петербург.

SPIN-код 3040-9388

St. Petersburg.

zhanna@ncmed.mehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-5035СергееваЕ. Г.SergeevaE. G.

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии и функциональной диагностики с клиникой.Санкт-Петербург.

SPIN-код 3895-9040

St. Petersburg.

ele195738@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-5968БерковичО. А.BerkovichO. A.

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры терапии факультетской с курсом эндокринологии, кардиологии и функциональной диагностики с клиникой, зав. лабораторией ишемической болезни сердца НИИ Сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний научно-клинического исследовательского центра.Санкт-Петербург.

SPIN-код 3219-7167

St. Petersburg.

oberkovich@mail.ruПервый Санкт-Петербургский Государственный Медицинский Университет им. акад. И.П. ПавловаРоссияFirst Pavlov State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202115032021261SОбразование42514251Copyright © Ионова Ж.И., Сергеева Е.Г., Беркович О.А., 20212021Ионова Ж.И., Сергеева Е.Г., Беркович О.А.Ionova Z.I., Sergeeva E.G., Berkovich O.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4251

Ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС) остается главной причиной смерти и инвалидизации в развитых странах. При помощи традиционных факторов риска (ФР) ИБС возможно предсказать вероятность развития острых коронарных событий не более, чем в 50% случаев, поэтому изучение влияния генетических и эпигенетических факторов на развитие ИБС крайне актуально. Исследования последних лет показали, что дефицит витамина D — новый ФР развития атеросклероза и иммунного воспаления. Витамин D реализует протективные эффекты в отношении иммунного воспаления через рецепторы в стенке сосудов. Единичный нуклеотидный полиморфизм гена рецептора витамина D (VDR) является потенциальным ФР ИБС, связанным с низким уровнем витамина D. Экспрессия VDR коррелирует с экспрессией провос-палительных цитокинов и регулируется микроРНК — микроРНК-125а-5р, микроРНК-125Ь-5р, микроРНК-214-3р и микроРНК-21. Эти микроРНК регулируют действие, синтез и метаболизм витамина D и сами могут подвергаться влиянию сигналов VDR благодаря механизмам динамической обратной связи, что может приводить к дестабилизации мРНК и к ингибиции трансляции. Данный обзор литературы освещает влияние единичного нуклеотидного полиморфизма гена VDR и микроРНК на патогенетические механизмы ИБС.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of death and disability in developed countries. Using traditional risk factors for CAD, it is possible to predict the likelihood of acute coronary events in no more than 50% of cases. Therefore, the study of influence of genetic and epigenetic factors on the development of CAD is extremely important. Research in recent years has shown that vitamin D deficiency is a new risk factor for atherosclerosis and immune inflammation. Vitamin D implements protective effects against immune inflammation through receptors in the vascular wall. A single nucleotide polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is a potential risk factor for CAD associated with low vitamin D levels. VDR expression correlates with the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and is regulated by microRNAs — microRNA-125a-5p, microRNA-125b-5p, microRNA-214-3p and microRNA-21 These microRNAs regulate the action, synthesis and metabolism of vitamin D and can themselves be influenced by VDR signals through dynamic feedback, which can lead to destabilization of mRNA and inhibition of translation. This literature review highlights the effect of a single nucleotide polymorphism of the VDR gene and microRNA on the pathogenetic mechanisms of CAD.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.