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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2020-4073</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-4073</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОБЛЕМНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследования эволюции морали как коммуникативный инструмент в отношениях врач-пациент</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research on the evolution of morality as a communication tool in the doctor-patient relationship</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-2875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Часовских</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chasovskikh</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магистр философии, преподаватель кафедры биоэтики и международного медицинского права ЮНЕСКО, аспирант.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">19sub@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики».<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>4073</fpage><lpage>4073</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Часовских Г.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Часовских Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chasovskikh G.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4073">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4073</self-uri><abstract><p>В биосоциальной парадигме устройства человека можно рассматривать не только понятие здоровья, как это проистекает из определения Всемирной организации здравоохранения, но и социокультурные аспекты жизни. Этика является неотъемлемой частью общества, и тем более она критически важна для медицины.</p><p>Исследования эволюции морали содержат в себе не только и не столько информацию о том, как вели себя наши предки, но и о природе нашего поведения и механизмах выбора, касающихся феноменов кооперации, доверия, взаимопомощи, справедливости и прочих. Некоторые из них имеют прямую связь с проблемой отношений врач-пациент.</p><p>Описание природы этих феноменов осуществляется с позиции разных дисциплин: этологии, нейрофизиологии, эволюционной психологии, теории игр. Все эти дисциплины в сумме действительно могут формировать рекомендации по взаимодействию с пациентами, а значит, при должном подходе могут оказаться полезными врачу, особенно нуждающемуся в максимизации эффективности своей коммуникации при экономии ресурса. Пациент также заинтересован в лечении и экономии своего эмоционального ресурса, что определяет отношения врач-пациент как взаимодействие с общим интересом или “игрой с ненулевой суммой” (выигрыша). В статье предлагается анализ взаимодействия с позиции поведенческой экономики, рассмотренной в контексте выбора стратегий агентами (врачом и пациентом), а не в контексте распределения ресурсов. Это имеет прикладное значение в контексте работы с психосоциальными факторами риска и для пациентоориентированности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the biosocial paradigm of human nature, we can consider not only the concept of health, as it is derived from the definition of the World health organization, but also the socio-cultural aspects of life. Ethics is an integral part of society, and it is all the more critical for medicine.</p><p>Studies of the evolution of morality contain not only and not so much information about the behavior of our ancestors, but also about the nature of our behavior, and the mechanisms of choice regarding the phenomena of cooperation, trust, mutual assistance, justice, and others. Some of them are directly related to the doctorpatient relationship.</p><p>The nature of these phenomena is described from the perspective of different disciplines: ethology, neurophysiology, evolutionary psychology, and game theory. All these disciplines in total can indeed form recommendations for interaction with patients and can be useful to a doctor, especially those who need to maximize the effectiveness of their communication while saving resources. A patient is also interested in the treatment and saving of his emotional resource, which defines the doctor-patient relationship as an interaction with a common interest or a non-zerosum game. Behavioral economics is also included in this interaction, considered in the context of strategy choice by agents (in this case, doctor and patient), but not in the context of resource allocation. This is of practical significance in the context of working with psychosocial risk factors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эволюция морали</kwd><kwd>пациент-центрированность</kwd><kwd>коммуникация</kwd><kwd>доверие</kwd><kwd>эмпатия</kwd><kwd>эффект фрейминга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>morality evolution</kwd><kwd>patient-centered care</kwd><kwd>communication</kwd><kwd>trust</kwd><kwd>empathy</kwd><kwd>framing effect</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trivers RL. The evolution of reciprocal altruism. Quarterly Review of Biology. 1971;(46):35-57. doi:10.1086/406755.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trivers RL. The evolution of reciprocal altruism. 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