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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3670</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-3670</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние аэробных физических тренировок на состояние мышечной ткани у пациентов с тяжелой сердечной недостаточностью и нормальной массой тела</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of aerobic exercise on muscle tissue in patients with severe heart failure and normal body weight</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0503-167X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галенко</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galenko</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галенко Виктория Леонидовна — младший научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского отдела сердечной недостаточности</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">vicka.galenco@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-4064</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лелявина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lelyavina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лелявина Татьяна Александровна — ведущий научный сотрудник Научно-исследовательского отдела сердечной недостаточности</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">tatianalelyavina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0139-5177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситникова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitnikova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ситникова Мария Юрьевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель Научно-исследовательского отдела сердечной недостаточности</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">drsitnikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-4135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юкина</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yukina</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юкина Галина Юрьевна — кандидат биологических наук, доцент, заведующая лабораторией патоморфологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">pipson@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9694-7850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борцова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bortsova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борцова Мария Александровна — заведующая кардиологическим отделением</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">marja_@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-7914</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитриева Рената Игоревна — научный сотрудник Института молекулярной биологии и генетики</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">renata.i.dmitrieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ НМИЦ им.В.А.Алмазова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ НМИЦ им.В.А.Алмазова",&#13;
НИЦ ФГБОУ ВО "Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИЦ ФГБОУ ВО Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>3670</fpage><lpage>3670</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Галенко В.Л., Лелявина Т.А., Ситникова М.Ю., Юкина Г.Ю., Борцова М.А., Дмитриева Р.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Галенко В.Л., Лелявина Т.А., Ситникова М.Ю., Юкина Г.Ю., Борцова М.А., Дмитриева Р.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Galenko V.L., Lelyavina T.A., Sitnikova M.Y., Yukina G.Y., Bortsova M.A., Dmitrieva R.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3670">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3670</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить ответ скелетной мускулатуры и миокарда на аэробную физическую нагрузку (ФН), проводимую по оригинальной методике, при сердечной недостаточности (СН) со сниженной фракцией выброса (СНнФВ) левого желудочка (ЛЖ); провести морфометрическую оценку скеленого мышечного волокна (МВ) на фоне проводимой физической реабилитации (ФР).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Сто пациентов с СНнФВ III функционального класса (ФК), возраст — 52±5,2 лет, индекс массы тела (ИМТ) — 23,5±2,8 кг/м2. Исходно и через 6 мес. ФР оценивали эхокардиограмму, пиковое поглощение кислорода (VO2реак), толерантность к физической нагрузке (ТФН) и качество жизни (КЖ). В биоптатах мышц голени оценивали активность лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ) и щелочной фосфатазы (ЩФ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Через 6 мес. тренировок фракция выброса ЛЖ (ФВЛЖ) увеличилась на 10,5±2,3%, КЖ улучшилось на 24,8±3,5 балла, ТФН увеличилась на 9,7±0,5 балла, VO2реак возросло на 5,2±0,5 мл/мин/кг (р1,2,3,4&lt;0,05). Диаметр МВ (d МВ) в ходе ФР у 6 пациентов незначительно уменьшился. Активность ЩФ исходно составляла 0,33±0,09 D, на фоне ФР возросла на 24,2% (р&lt; 0,05); ЛДГ в гликолитических МВ исходно составляла 0,213±0,08 D, в окислительных МВ — 0,083±0,04, и через 6 мес. тренировок показатели снизились на 24,4% и 6,0%, соответственно (р1 &lt;0,05, p2 &gt;0,05).    Была выявлена положительная связь между динамикой ФК СН и d МВ (r=0,4, p=0,05), увеличение показателей кардиореспираторного тестирования (максимально должная величина) ассоциировалось с активностью ЩФ (r=0,5, p=0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. 1. Дозированные аэробные тренировки у пациентов со стабильной СНнФВ III ФК, нормальным ИМТ, подобранные на основании достижения лактатного порога, положительно влияли на величину ФВЛЖ, КЖ, ТФН и VO2реак. 2. На фоне физических тренировок выявлено уменьшение d МВ, повышение активности ЩФ и снижение активности ЛДГ как в окислительных, так и в гликолитических МВ. 3. Выявлена функциональная взаимосвязь между возрастанием ТФН и содержанием ЩФ в мышечной ткани.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the response of skeletal muscle and myocardium to original aerobic exercise (AE) program in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF); to assess morphometric changes in skeletal muscle fiber after AE.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 100 patients with class III HFrEF (age — 52±5,2 years; body mass index (BMI) — 23,5±2,8 kg/m2). At baseline and after 6 months of AE, an echocardiogram, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), exercise tolerance and quality of life (QOL) were evaluated. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated in biopsy material of lower leg muscles.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. After 6 months of AE, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased by 10,5±2,3%, QOL — by 24,8±3,5 points, exercise tolerance — by 9,7±0,5 points, VO2peak — by 5,2±0,5 ml/min/kg (p1,2,3,4&lt; 0,05). In 6 patients, the diameter of muscle fiber decreased slightly. The activity of ALP (initially — 0,33±0,09 D) increased by 24,2% (p&lt; 0,05); LDH in glycolytic fibers was initially 0,213±0,08 D, in oxidative fibers — 0,083±0,04, and after 6 months of AE, decreased by 24,4% and 6,0%, respectively (p1 &lt;0,05, p2 &gt;0,05). A positive relationship was found between the dynamics of HF class and fiber diameter (r=0,4, p=0,05); an increase in сardiopulmonary exercise test was associated with ALP activity (r=0,5, p=0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. 1. Dosed aerobic exercise in patients with stable class III HFrEF, normal BMI, based on reaching the lactate threshold, had a positive effect on LVEF, QOL, exercise tolerance and VO2peak. 2. With exercise training, a decrease in fiber diameter and LDH activity in both oxidative and glycolytic fibers, an increase in ALP activity were revealed. 3. The functional relationship between the increase in exercise tolerance and ALP content in muscle tissue was revealed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>скелетные мышцы</kwd><kwd>физическая реабилитация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart failure</kwd><kwd>skeletal muscle</kwd><kwd>physical rehabilitation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Частичное финансирование проекта осуществлено из средств гранта RSF 16-15-10178</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was partially supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant № 16-15-1017</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арутюнов Г. П., Колесникова Е.А., Беграмбекова Ю. Л. и др. 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