<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2020-1-3666</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-3666</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Статус и перспективы использования ультразвукового исследования легких в оптимизации ведения пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lung ultrasound in optimizing management of patients with heart failure: current status and future prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-1768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобалава</surname><given-names>Ж. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobalava</surname><given-names>Zh. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кобалава Жанна Давидовна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней с курсом кардиологии и функциональной диагностики им. акад. В. С. Моисеева</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">zkobalava@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2412-5986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафарова</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safarova</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафарова Айтен Фуад кызы — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры внутренних болезней с курсом кардиологии и функциональной диагностики им. акад. В. С. Моисеева, врач отделения функциональной диагностики</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p><p> SPIN: 2661-6501.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">aytensaf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5556-7106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кохан</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokhan</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кохан Елизавета Васильевна — клинический ординатор кафедры внутренних болезней с курсом кардиологии и функциональной диагностики им. акад. В. С. Моисеева</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p><p>SPIN-код: 1307-6750</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">kokhhan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-0890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исламова</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Islamova</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исламова Мадина Рахметовна — аспирант кафедры внутренних болезней с курсом кардиологии и функциональной диагностики им. акад. В. С. Моисеева, врач отделения функциональной диагностики</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">imr09@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН);&#13;
ГБУЗ Городская клиническая больница им. В.В. Виноградова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia;&#13;
V. V. Vinogradov City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>3666</fpage><lpage>3666</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кобалава Ж.Д., Сафарова А.Ф., Кохан Е.В., Исламова М.Р., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кобалава Ж.Д., Сафарова А.Ф., Кохан Е.В., Исламова М.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kobalava Z.D., Safarova A.F., Kokhan E.V., Islamova M.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3666">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3666</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре обсуждается роль ультразвукового исследования легких в определении прогноза и оптимизации терапии пациентов с сердечной недостаточностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review discusses the prognostic value and contribution to therapy optimization of lung ultrasound for heart failure patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование легких</kwd><kwd>B-линии</kwd><kwd>застой</kwd><kwd>сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>одышка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung ultrasound</kwd><kwd>B-lines</kwd><kwd>congestion</kwd><kwd>heart failure</kwd><kwd>dyspnea</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Программа поддержки вузов 5-100</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Riet EE, Hoes AW, Wagenaar KP et al. Epidemiology of heart failure: the prevalence of heart failure and ventricular dysfunction in older adults over time. A systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail 2016;18:242-52. doi:10.1002/ejhf.483.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Riet EE, Hoes AW, Wagenaar KP et al. Epidemiology of heart failure: the prevalence of heart failure and ventricular dysfunction in older adults over time. A systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail 2016;18:242-52. doi:10.1002/ejhf.483.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roger VL. Heart Failure Epidemic: It’s Complicated… Circulation. 2018;138(1):25-8. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.118.028478.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roger VL. Heart Failure Epidemic: It’s Complicated… Circulation. 2018;138(1):25-8. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.118.028478.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фомин И. В. Хроническая сердечная недостаточность в Российской Федерации: что сегодня мы знаем и что должны делать. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2016;(8):7-13. doi:10.15829/1560-4071-20168-7-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fomin IV. Chronic Heart Failure in Russian Federadion: what do we do. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2016;(8):7-13. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/1560-4071-20168-7-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ezekowitz JA, Hernandez AF, O’Connor CM, et al. Assessment of dyspnea in acute decompensated heart failure: Insights from ASCEND-HF (Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure) on the contributions of peak expiratory flow. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(16):1441-8. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.11.061.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ezekowitz JA, Hernandez AF, O’Connor CM, et al. Assessment of dyspnea in acute decompensated heart failure: Insights from ASCEND-HF (Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure) on the contributions of peak expiratory flow. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(16):1441-8. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.11.061.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kupper N, Bonhof C, Westerhuis B, et al. Determinants of Dyspnea in Chronic Heart Failure. J Card Fail. 2016;22(3):201-9. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2015.09.016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kupper N, Bonhof C, Westerhuis B, et al. Determinants of Dyspnea in Chronic Heart Failure. J Card Fail. 2016;22(3):201-9. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2015.09.016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Picano E, Scali MC, Ciampi Q, Lichtenstein D. Lung Ultrasound for the Cardiologist. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018:1692-705. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.06.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Picano E, Scali MC, Ciampi Q, Lichtenstein D. Lung Ultrasound for the Cardiologist. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2018:1692-705. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.06.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Packer M. Acute Heart Failure Is an Event Rather Than a Disease: Plea for a Radical Change in Thinking and in Therapeutic Drug Development. JACC Hear Fail. 2018:73-5. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2017.05.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Packer M. Acute Heart Failure Is an Event Rather Than a Disease: Plea for a Radical Change in Thinking and in Therapeutic Drug Development. JACC Hear Fail. 2018:73-5. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2017.05.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mullens W, Damman K, Harjola VP, et al. The use of diuretics in heart failure with congestion — a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(2):137-55. doi:10.1002/ejhf.1369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mullens W, Damman K, Harjola VP, et al. The use of diuretics in heart failure with congestion — a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(2):137-55. doi:10.1002/ejhf.1369.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kałużna-Oleksy M, Araszkiewicz A, Migaj J et al. “From right to left”: The role of right heart catheterization in the diagnosis and management of left heart diseases. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2017;26(1):135-41. doi:10.17219/acem/61908.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kałużna-Oleksy M, Araszkiewicz A, Migaj J et al. “From right to left”: The role of right heart catheterization in the diagnosis and management of left heart diseases. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2017;26(1):135-41. doi:10.17219/acem/61908.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abraham WT, Adamson PB, Bourge RC, et al. Wireless pulmonary artery haemodynamic monitoring in chronic heart failure: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2011; 19:658-66. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60101-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abraham WT, Adamson PB, Bourge RC, et al. Wireless pulmonary artery haemodynamic monitoring in chronic heart failure: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2011; 19:658-66. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60101-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shochat M, Shotan A, Blondheim DS, et al. Derivation of baseline lung impedance in chronic heart failure patients: use for monitoring pulmonary congestion and predicting admissions for decompensation. J Clin Monit Comput. 2015;29(3):341-9. doi:10.1007/s10877-014-9610-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shochat M, Shotan A, Blondheim DS, et al. Derivation of baseline lung impedance in chronic heart failure patients: use for monitoring pulmonary congestion and predicting admissions for decompensation. J Clin Monit Comput. 2015;29(3):341-9. doi:10.1007/s10877-014-9610-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cardinale L, Priola AM, Moretti F, et al. Effectiveness of chest radiography, lung ultrasound, and thoracic computed tomography in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure. World J Radiol 2014;6:230-7. doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i6.230.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cardinale L, Priola AM, Moretti F, et al. Effectiveness of chest radiography, lung ultrasound, and thoracic computed tomography in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure. World J Radiol 2014;6:230-7. doi:10.4329/wjr.v6.i6.230.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collins SP, Lindsell CJ, Storrow AB, et al. ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee, Investigators and Study Group. Prevalence of Negative Chest Radiography results in the Emergency Department patient with Decompensated Heart Failure. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2006 Jan;47(1):13-8. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.04.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Collins SP, Lindsell CJ, Storrow AB, et al. ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee, Investigators and Study Group. Prevalence of Negative Chest Radiography results in the Emergency Department patient with Decompensated Heart Failure. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2006 Jan;47(1):13-8. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.04.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ziskin MC, Thickman DI, Goldenberg NJ, et al. The comet tail artifact. J Ultrasound Med 1982;1(1):1-7. doi:10.7863/jum.1982.1.1.1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ziskin MC, Thickman DI, Goldenberg NJ, et al. The comet tail artifact. J Ultrasound Med 1982;1(1):1-7. doi:10.7863/jum.1982.1.1.1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lichtenstein D, Meziere G, Biderman P, et al. The comet-tail artifact: An ultrasound sign of alveolar-interstitial syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156(5):1640-6. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.5.96-07096.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lichtenstein D, Meziere G, Biderman P, et al. The comet-tail artifact: An ultrasound sign of alveolar-interstitial syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156(5):1640-6. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.5.96-07096.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lichtenstein DA. BLUE-Protocol and FALLS-Protocol: Two applications of lung ultrasound in the critically ill. Chest. 2015;147(6):1659-70. doi:10.1378/chest.14-1313.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lichtenstein DA. BLUE-Protocol and FALLS-Protocol: Two applications of lung ultrasound in the critically ill. Chest. 2015;147(6):1659-70. doi:10.1378/chest.14-1313.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jambrik Z Monti S, Coppola V, et al. Usefulness of ultrasound lung comets as a nonradiologic sign of extravascular lung water. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93(10):1265-70. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.02.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jambrik Z Monti S, Coppola V, et al. Usefulness of ultrasound lung comets as a nonradiologic sign of extravascular lung water. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93(10):1265-70. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.02.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wooten WM, Shaffer LE, Hamilton LA. Bedside Ultrasound Versus Chest Radiography for Detection of Pulmonary Edema: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Ultrasound Med. 2019;38(4):967-73. doi:10.1002/jum.14781.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wooten WM, Shaffer LE, Hamilton LA. Bedside Ultrasound Versus Chest Radiography for Detection of Pulmonary Edema: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Ultrasound Med. 2019;38(4):967-73. doi:10.1002/jum.14781.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martindale JL, Wakai A, Collins SP, et al. Diagnosing acute heart failure in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2016;23:223-42. doi:10.1111/acem.12878.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martindale JL, Wakai A, Collins SP, et al. Diagnosing acute heart failure in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2016;23:223-42. doi:10.1111/acem.12878.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martindale JL, Secko M, Kilpatrick JF, et al. Serial Sonographic Assessment of Pulmonary Edema in Patients With Hypertensive Acute Heart Failure. J Ultrasound Med. 2018;37(2):337-45. doi:10.1002/jum.14336.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martindale JL, Secko M, Kilpatrick JF, et al. Serial Sonographic Assessment of Pulmonary Edema in Patients With Hypertensive Acute Heart Failure. J Ultrasound Med. 2018;37(2):337-45. doi:10.1002/jum.14336.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Picano E, Pellikka PA. Ultrasound of extravascular lung water: A new standard for pulmonary congestion. Eur Heart J. 2016:2097-104. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Picano E, Pellikka PA. Ultrasound of extravascular lung water: A new standard for pulmonary congestion. Eur Heart J. 2016:2097-104. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw164.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Platz E, Merz AA, Jhund PS, et al. Dynamic changes and prognostic value of pulmonary congestion by lung ultrasound in acute and chronic heart failure: a systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(9):1154-63. doi:10.1002/ejhf.839.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Platz E, Merz AA, Jhund PS, et al. Dynamic changes and prognostic value of pulmonary congestion by lung ultrasound in acute and chronic heart failure: a systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(9):1154-63. doi:10.1002/ejhf.839.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Platz E, Campbell RT, Claggett B, et al. Lung Ultrasound in Acute Heart Failure: Prevalence of Pulmonary Congestion and Shortand Long-Term Outcomes. JACC Hear Fail. 2019;7(10):849-58. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2019.07.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Platz E, Campbell RT, Claggett B, et al. Lung Ultrasound in Acute Heart Failure: Prevalence of Pulmonary Congestion and Shortand Long-Term Outcomes. JACC Hear Fail. 2019;7(10):849-58. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2019.07.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scali MC, Zagatina A, Simova I, et al. B-lines with Lung Ultrasound: The Optimal Scan Technique at Rest and During Stress. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017;43(11):2558-66. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.07.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scali MC, Zagatina A, Simova I, et al. B-lines with Lung Ultrasound: The Optimal Scan Technique at Rest and During Stress. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017;43(11):2558-66. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.07.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lancellotti P, Pellikka PA, Budts W, et al. The clinical use of stress echocardiography in non-ischaemic heart disease: recommendations from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016:1191-229. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jew190.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lancellotti P, Pellikka PA, Budts W, et al. The clinical use of stress echocardiography in non-ischaemic heart disease: recommendations from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016:1191-229. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jew190.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Picano E, Scali MC. The lung water cascade in heart failure. Echocardiography. 2017:15037. doi:10.1111/echo.13657.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Picano E, Scali MC. The lung water cascade in heart failure. Echocardiography. 2017:15037. doi:10.1111/echo.13657.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Picano E, Ciampi Q, Citro R, et al. Stress echo 2020: the international stress echo study in ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2017;15(1):3. doi:10.1186/s12947-016-0092-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Picano E, Ciampi Q, Citro R, et al. Stress echo 2020: the international stress echo study in ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2017;15(1):3. doi:10.1186/s12947-016-0092-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coiro S, Rossignol P, Ambrosio G, et al. Prognostic value of residual pulmonary congestion at discharge assessed by lung ultrasound imaging in heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015;17:1172-81. doi:10.1002/ejhf.344.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coiro S, Rossignol P, Ambrosio G, et al. Prognostic value of residual pulmonary congestion at discharge assessed by lung ultrasound imaging in heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2015;17:1172-81. doi:10.1002/ejhf.344.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кобалава Ж. Д., Сафарова А. Ф., Соловьева А. Е., и др. Легочный застой по данным ультразвукового исследования у пациентов с декомпенсацией сердечной недостаточности. Кардиология. 2019;59(8):5-14. doi:10.18087/cardio.2019.8.n534.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobalava ZD, Safarova AF, Soloveva AE, et al. Pulmonary congestion by lung ultrasound in decompensated heart failure: associations, in-hospital changes, prognostic value. Kardiologiia. 2019;59(8):5-14. (In Russ). doi:10.18087/cardio.2019.8.n534.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mozzini C, Cominacini L, Casadei A, et al. Ultrasonography in Heart Failure: A Story that Matters Curr Probl Cardiol. 2019;44(4):116-36. doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2018.05.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mozzini C, Cominacini L, Casadei A, et al. Ultrasonography in Heart Failure: A Story that Matters Curr Probl Cardiol. 2019;44(4):116-36. doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2018.05.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rivas-Lasarte M, Fernandez-Martinez J, Maestro-Benedicto A, et al. Lung Ultrasound May Reduce Heart Failure Hospitalizations: Preliminary Results from the LUS-HF Trial. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. 2019;38(4):S141. doi:10.1016/j. healun.2019.01.336.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rivas-Lasarte M, Fernandez-Martinez J, Maestro-Benedicto A, et al. Lung Ultrasound May Reduce Heart Failure Hospitalizations: Preliminary Results from the LUS-HF Trial. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. 2019;38(4):S141. doi:10.1016/j. healun.2019.01.336.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rivas-Lasarte M, Alvarez-Garcia J, Fernandez-Martinez J, et al. Lung ultrasound-guided treatment in ambulatory patients with heart failure: a randomized controlled clinical trial (LUS-HF study). Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;38:1-9. doi:10.1002/ejhf.1604.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rivas-Lasarte M, Alvarez-Garcia J, Fernandez-Martinez J, et al. Lung ultrasound-guided treatment in ambulatory patients with heart failure: a randomized controlled clinical trial (LUS-HF study). Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;38:1-9. doi:10.1002/ejhf.1604.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
