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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2018-10-33-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-2711</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неблагоприятные варианты генов метаболизма фолатов у пациентов с острым коронарным синдромом при необструктивном коронарном атеросклерозе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Unfavorable variants of folate metabolism genes in patients with acute coronary syndrome in non-obstructive coronary atherosclerosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-7329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отделения неотложной кардиологии НИИ кардиологии, Томского НИМЦ; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории трансляционной клеточной и молекулярной биомедицины ТГУ; профессор кафедры кардиологии ФПК и ППС СибГМУ Минздрава России. </p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111 «А»; 634050, Томск.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rvvt@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1453-0753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гомбоева</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gomboeva</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант отделения неотложной кардиологии.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111 «А».</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gomboevasayana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5417-1038</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лугачева</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lugacheva</surname><given-names>Yu. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач клинической лабораторной диагностики клинико-диагностической лаборатории.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111 «А».</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">julialugacheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6147-0060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulagina</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая клинико-диагностической лабораторией.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111 «А».</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ikulagina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-4316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, научный руководитель.</p><p>634012, Томск, ул. Киевская, 111 «А».</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karpov@cardio-tomsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук; Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of RAS; Siberian State Medical University (SSMU); National Research Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт кардиологии, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рябов В.В., Гомбоева С.Б., Лугачева Ю.Г., Кулагина И.В., Карпов Р.С., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рябов В.В., Гомбоева С.Б., Лугачева Ю.Г., Кулагина И.В., Карпов Р.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ryabov V.V., Gomboeva S.B., Lugacheva Y.D., Kulagina I.B., Karpov R.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2711">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2711</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить частоту носительства неблагоприятных в отношении риска развития тромбофилии аллельных вариантов генов ферментов фолатного цикла и сывороточный уровень гомоцистеина, и оценить их влияние на развитие острого коронарного синдрома (ОКС) при необструктивном коронарном атеросклерозе (НОКА).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Материалом для изучения послужили результаты нерандомизированного, открытого, контролируемого исследования, NCT02655718, выполненного в 2015-2016гг в отделении неотложной кардиологии (ОНК). В выборку включены пациенты старше 18 лет с ОКС при НОКА, подтвержденным инвазивной коронарной ангиографией (КАГ). Лица, которым ранее проводилась реваскуляризация коронарных артерий, были исключены из исследования. Для включенных пациентов был проведен анализ генотипов по четырём полиморфным вариантам генотипов генов ферментов фолатного цикла: метилентетрагидрофолатредуктазы MTHFR (677 C&gt;T, 1298 А&gt;С), метионинсинтетазы MTR (2756 A&gt;G). метионинсинтетазы редуктазы MTRR (66 A&gt;G). Определение генотипов проводили с использованием методов полимеразной цепной реакции и применением набора реагентов производства ООО “ДНК-Технология”. Уровень гомоцистеина определяли иммуноферментным методом с помощью диагностических наборов фирмы Axis (Великобритания) по стандартным методикам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 2015-2016гг в ОНК с ОКС было госпитализировано 913 человек, из них 44 (4,8%) пациента с НОКА. В исследуемой выборке средний возраст больных составил 54±11 лет, доля мужчин 19 (68%). Среднее содержание гомоцистеина у обследованных пациентов — 12,2 (10,8;13,6) мкмоль/л, у мужчин — 12,4 (11,5;13,6), у женщин — 11,3 (9,5;13,2). Гипергомоцистеинемия (ГГЦ) зарегистрирована у 8 (18%) индивидов. У больных с ГГЦ медиана уровня гомоцистеина составила 22,8 (17,2;25). При ГГЦ статистически значимо чаще наблюдалось повышение высокочувствительного С-реактивного белка, а также статистически значимо чаще диагностировался острый инфаркт миокарда (ОИМ). В исследуемой выборке уровень гомоцистеина не различался у больных с разной степенью стеноза коронарных артерий и был ассоциирован с возрастом, наследственностью, курением и носительством неблагоприятного гомозиготного полиморфного варианта генотипа TT гена MTHFR (677 C&gt;T). При ОИМ статистически значимо чаще выявлялось носительство неблагоприятного генотипа ТТ MTHFR (677 C&gt;T). Обращает внимание, что в группе без ГГЦ также выявлялось носительство неблагоприятных гомо- и гетерозиготных генотипов гена MTHFR (677 C&gt;T). Предковая аллель С гена rs 1801133 статистически значимо чаще встречалась при интактных коронарных артериях.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В этом небольшом экспериментальном исследовании 96,6% пациентов с ОКС при НОКА были носителями неблагоприятных полиморфных вариантов генов метаболизма фолатов. При ОИМ статистически значимо чаще частота носительства неблагоприятной аллели T гена rs1801 133. Наличие этого генотипа ассоциировано с развитием ГГЦ, что соответствует данным литературы. Однако не всегда наличие аллельного варианта ТТ MTHFR (677 C&gt;T) приводило к развитию ГГЦ. Увеличение уровня гомоцистеина плазмы прямо пропорционально связано с возрастом, наследственностью, курением и носительством генотипа TT rs1801133 и ассоциировано с увеличением риска развития ОИМ, что подтверждает ранее проведенные исследования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the occurrence of allelic variants of folate cycle enzymes’ genes, which are unfavorable with respect to the risk of thrombophilia, to analyze the serum level of homocysteine, and to assess their impact on the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in non-obstructive coronary atherosclerosis (NOCA). </p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The material for the study was the results of a non- randomized, open, controlled conduct research, NCT02655718' conducted in 2015-2016 in the emergency cardiology department. The sampling included patients older than 18 years with ACS and NOCA, confirmed by invasive coronary angiography (ICAG). Patients who had previously undergone coronary artery revascularization were excluded from the study. We analyzed four polymorphic genotypes of folate cycle enzyme genes of included patients: methylene-tetra- hydro-folate-reductase MTHFR (677 C&gt;T, 1298 A&gt;C), methionine synthetase MTR (2756 A&gt;G), methionine synthetase reductase MTRR (66 A&gt;G). Determination of genotypes was performed using the methods of polymerase chain reaction and the use of a set of reagents produced by OOO “DNK-Tekhnologiya”. The level of homocysteine was determined by the enzyme immunoenzyme technique using Axis (UK) set of instruments for diagnosis and standards methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In 2015-2016 913 patients with ACS were hospitalized in emergency cardiology department; 44 (4.8%) were patients with NOKA. The mean age was 54±11 years (68% men). Mean level of homocysteine in the examined patients was 12,2 (10,8; 13,6) umol/l, in men — 12,4 umol/l (11,5; 13,6), in women — 11,3 umol/l (9,5; 13,2). Hyperhomocisteinemia (HHC) was registered in 8 (18%) individuals. The median level of homocysteine in patients with HHC was 22,8 (17,2; 25). An increase in the ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein and diagnosing of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were more common in patients with HHC. The level of homocysteine did not differ in patients with various degrees of coronary artery stenosis; it was associated with age, hereditary background, smoking and the carriage of an unfavorable homozygous polymorphic variant of the TT genotype MTHFR gene (677 C&gt;T). The carriage of the unfavorable TT genotype MTHFR (677 C&gt;T) was statistically significantly more common in patients with AMI. The carriage of unfavorable homo- and heterozygous genotypes of the MTHFR gene (677 C&gt;T) in the group without HHC was also detected. The ancestral allele C of the rs1801133 gene was statistically significantly more common in intact coronary arteries. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In this study 96,6% of patients with ACS and NOCA were carriers of unfavorable polymorphic variants of folate metabolism genes. The carriage frequency of unfavorable T allele of rs1801133 gene is statistically significantly more common in patients with AMI. The presence of this genotype is associated with the development of HHC, which is equivalent of literature data. However, the presence of the allelic variant of TT MTHFR (677 C&gt;T) did not always lead to the development of HHC. An increase in plasma homocysteine levels is directly proportional to age, hereditary background, smoking, and carriage of the TT rs1801133 genotype. It is also associated with an increased risk of AMI, which confirms previous studies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый коронарный синдром</kwd><kwd>необструктивный коронарный атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>тромбофилия</kwd><kwd>гипергомоцистеинемия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>non-obstructive coronary atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>thrombophilia</kwd><kwd>hyperhomocysteinemia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации; НИИ кардиологии, Томский НИМЦ; Демьянов С. В.; Столяров В. А., Шароварников С. И., Васильев А. Г., Пантелеев О. О., Шурупов В. С., Зимин И. А., Слободянский В. Ю., Петренко Е. В., Шиканков В. А., Аникин Д. Ю.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Tomsk National Research Medical Center; Demyanov S. V.; Stolyarov V. A., Sharovarnikov S. I., Vasiliev A. G., Panteleev O. O., Shurupov V. S., Zimin I. A., Slobodyanskii V. Yu., Petrenko E.V., Shikankov V. A., Anikin D. Yu.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 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