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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2018-6-123-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-2641</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОЖИРЕНИЕ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ПОПУЛЯЦИИ — РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ И АССОЦИАЦИИ С ФАКТОРАМИ РИСКА ХРОНИЧЕСКИХ НЕИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>OBESITY IN RUSSIAN POPULATION — PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH  THE NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES RISK FACTORS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-2798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баланова Юлия Андреевна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории экономического анализа эпидемиологических исследований и профилактических технологий отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jbalanova@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деев</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deev</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат физико-математических наук, руководитель лаборатории медицинской биостатистики.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Концевая</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kontsevaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, Первый заместитель директора по научной и лечебной работе.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муромцева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muromtseva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии ХНИЗ.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстифеева</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstifeeva</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>О. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр профилактической медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center for Preventive Medicine  of the Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баланова Ю.А., Шальнова С.А., Деев А.Д., Имаева А.Э., Концевая А.В., Муромцева Г.А., Капустина А.В., Евстифеева С.Е., Драпкина О.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баланова Ю.А., Шальнова С.А., Деев А.Д., Имаева А.Э., Концевая А.В., Муромцева Г.А., Капустина А.В., Евстифеева С.Е., Драпкина О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balanova Y.A., Shalnova S.A., Deev A.D., Imaeva A.E., Kontsevaya A.V., Muromtseva G.A., Kapustina А.V., Evstifeeva S.E., Drapkina О.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2641">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2641</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить распространенность ожирения и  ассоциации с  факторами риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний среди населения некоторых регионов России по данным исследования ЭССЕ-РФ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследованы представительные выборки населения 13 регионов России, всего 21768 участников, в т. ч. мужчин (n=8 304) и женщин (n=13 464) 25-64 лет, в рамках исследования “Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ЭССЕ-РФ)”, с откликом ~80%. Стандартный вопросник состоящему из 12 модулей, разработанному на основе адаптированных международных методик. Для оценки распространенности ФР были использованы стандартные эпидемиологические методы. Масса тела оценивалась в категориях индекса МТ (индекса Кетле: ИМТ = Масса тела, кг/рост, м2). МТ в категориях ИМТ оценивается как: недостаточная (ИМТ &lt;18,5), нормальная (18,5≤ ИМТ ≤24,9), избыточная (25,0≤ ИМТ ≤29,9), ожирение I степени (30,0 ≤ИМТ ≤34,9), ожирение II ст. (35,0≤ ИМТ ≤39,9) и ожирение III ст. (ИМТ &gt;40,0). Абдоминальное ожирение (АО) было оценено по критериям: для мужчин окружность талии (ОТ) ≥102 см и ≥88 см для женщин.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среднее значение ИМТ среди обследованных составило 27,6 кг/ м2 без гендерных различий. ИМТ увеличивается с возрастом только среди женщин. Окружность талии — 87,8 см ±0,1, среди мужчин была значимо выше женского (92,9 см vs 84,1 см, p&lt;0,001), с возрастом увеличивается. Распространённость ожирения была выше среди женщин в сравнении с мужчинами: при оценке по ИМТ — 30,8% vs 26,9%, p&lt;0,001, при оценке АО: 38,4% vs 24,3%, p&lt;0,001. Частота ожирения среди женщин, проживающих в селе, была достоверно выше в сравнении с горожанками (p&lt;0,001), а в группе высшего образования как при оценке по ИМТ (p&lt;0,005), так и АО (p&lt;0,001), среди мужчин разницы не выявлено. Какого-либо четкого географического градиента ФР обнаружено не было. Распространенность ожирения с  возрастом линейно увеличивается среди мужчин с 14,3% до 36,3%, p&lt;0,001 среди женщин с 10,7% до 52,3%, p&lt;0,001. АО было выше среди женщин в сравнении с мужчинами в каждой из анализируемых возрастных групп, причем с возрастом это разница усугубляется. В многофакторной модели были проанализированы ассоциации факторов риска и наличия любого типа ожирения. Тесная связь отмечена между ожирением и повышенными уровнями ТГ и глюкозы, злоупотреблением алкоголя. Наиболее выраженные ассоциации были выявлены между ожирением и АГ среди лиц обоего пола — ОШ: 2,71 и 2,52 у мужчин и женщин, соответственно. Отмечено линейное увеличение с ростом массы тела распространенности АГ и средних значений САД и ДАД.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В Российской популяции ожирение наиболее тесно ассоциируется со злоупотреблением алкоголем, повышенным уровнем глюкозы, нарушениями липидного обмена и особенно сильно с артериальной гипертензией, факторами, частота которых с возрастом увеличивается. Бремя этих тесно связанных между собой ФР на систему здравоохранения будет нарастать в связи с увеличением доли пожилого населения в стране. Существующее положение дел требует комплексного подхода, основой которого должна быть государственная политика по контролю популяционных значений массы тела, начиная с детского возраста с вовлечением средств массовой информации, производителей пищевой промышленности, региональных властей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Evaluation of the prevalence of obesity and association with the risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases of the inhabitants of selected regions of Russia, by the data from ESSE-RF study.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Representative selections investigated, of the inhabitants of 13 regions of Russia, totally 21768 participants, males n=8 304, females n=13 464, age 25-64 y. o., under the circumstances of the study “Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases (ESSE-RF)”, with response ~80%. Standard questionnaire, consisting 12 modules, was developed based upon adapted international methods. For the risk factors prevalence assessment, the standard epidemiological methods were applied. Body mass (BM) was evaluated in the categories of body mass index (BMI) (Ketle index: BMI — Body mass, kg / height, m2). BM as BMI was evaluated as insufficient (BMI &lt;18,5), normal (18,5≤ BMI ≤24,9), overweight (25,0≤ BMI ≤29,9), obesity grade I (30,0 ≤BMI ≤34,9), obesity grade II (35,0 ≤BMI ≤39,9) and obesity grade III (BMI ≥40,0). Abdominal obesity (AO) was assessed with the criteria: for males waist circumference (WC) ≥102 cm and for females ≥88 cm.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Mean BMI value among the participants was 27,6 kg/m2, with no gender difference. BMI increases with the age only in women. WC — 87,8 cm ±0,1, among males it was significantly higher than in females (92,9 cm vs 84,1 cm, p&lt;0,001), increasing with age. The prevalence of obesity was higher among females comparing to males: by BMI — 30,8% vs 26,9%, p&lt;0,001; by AO — 38,4% vs 24,3%, p&lt;0,001. The prevalence of obesity in female inhabitants of rural regions was significantly higher comparing to citizens (p&lt;0,001), and in the group of higher education, there was no difference among males wither by BMI (p&lt;0,005), or by AO (p&lt;0,001). There was no clear geographic gradient of the risk factors. The prevalence of obesity increases linearly with the age, in males from 14,3% to 36,3%, p&lt;0,001, and in females from 10,7% to 52,3%, p&lt;0,001. AO was more prevalent in women comparing to men in every of analyzed age group, and with the age this difference gets more profound. In the multifactorial model the associations of risk factors were analyzed, with any type of obesity. Close relation was found for obesity and raised levels of glucose and triglycerides, with alcohol overconsumption. Most significant associations were found for obesity and AH in both genders — OR: 2,71 and 2,52 in men and women, respectively. There was linear increase of AH prevalence with mean SBP and DBP, together with BM.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In Russian population, obesity is associated most closely with alcohol overconsumption, increased glucose level, lipid disorders and especially strongly — with systemic hypertension, the factors that increase prevalence with age. Burden of this closely interrelated factors on healthcare system will increase with the portion of elderly inhabitants of the country. State of affairs demand for a complex approach based on the governmental politics on the control of populational levels of bodyweight, beginning at elementary school, with mass-media involvement, as the groceries manufacturers, regional governments.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>распространенность ожирения</kwd><kwd>ожирение в России</kwd><kwd>избыточная масса тела</kwd><kwd>факторы риска неинфекционных заболеваний</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prevalence of obesity</kwd><kwd>obesity in Russia</kwd><kwd>overweight</kwd><kwd>non-communicable diseases risk factors</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension. National Research Center for Preventive Medicine  of the Ministry of Health</kwd><kwd>Moscow</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, et al. 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