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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2018-9-39-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-2590</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF STUDY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковое исследование ахилловых сухожилий у пациентов с семейной гиперхолестеринемией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound examination of achilles tendons in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-3803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генкель</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Genkel</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генкель Вадим Викторович  — ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Челябинск</p><p>ResearcherID: O-3838-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">henkel-07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0168-1480</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колядич</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyadich</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колядич Мария Ильинична  — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Челябинск</p><p>ResearcherID: O-4076-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volchegorsky@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7954-2990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедев Евгений Владимирович — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Челябинск</p><p>ResearcherID: O-3820-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgueni.lebedev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-5702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Алла Сергеевна — ассистент кафедры госпитальной терапии.</p><p>Челябинск</p><p>ResearcherID: D-574-2015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzja321@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-2215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Портнова</surname><given-names>Р. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Portnova</surname><given-names>R. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Портнова Роксана Геворговна — студент по специальности “Лечебное дело”.</p><p>Челябинск</p><p>ResearcherID: O-3822-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roxy.raton.60218@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7731-7730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошник</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnik</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шапошник Игорь Иосифович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>Челябинск</p><p>ResearcherID: O-3864-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shaposhnik@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South-Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Генкель В.В., Колядич М.И., Лебедев Е.В., Кузнецова А.С., Портнова Р.Г., Шапошник И.И., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Генкель В.В., Колядич М.И., Лебедев Е.В., Кузнецова А.С., Портнова Р.Г., Шапошник И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Genkel V.V., Kolyadich M.I., Lebedev E.V., Kuznetsova A.S., Portnova R.G., Shaposhnik I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2590">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2590</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить морфометрические показатели ахилловых сухожилий у пациентов с семейной гиперхолестеринемией (СГХС) и выявить факторы, ассоциирующиеся с увеличением их размеров.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 100 пациентов с тяжелой первичной гиперлипидемией, определяемой как повышение общего холестерина ≥7,5 ммоль/л и/или холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности ≥4,9 ммоль/л. Всем пациентам проводили дуплексное сканирование артерий каротидного бассейна. Ультразвуковое исследование ахилловых сухожилий проводили на  ультразвуковом аппарате высокого/экспертного класса Samsung Medison EKO 7 (Япония) линейным датчиком с частотой 7-16 MHz. Толщину ахиллова сухожилия (передней-задний размер (ПЗР) измеряли во время сканирования в продольном сечении, ширину (поперечный размер (ПР)  — при сканировании в  поперечном сечении. Измерения проводили на 2 см проксимальнее пяточной кости.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Определенный/вероятный диагноз СГХС имели 32 (32,0%) пациентов. У пациентов с определенным/вероятным диагнозом СГХС по шкале DLCN средние значения ПЗР были значимо выше в сравнении с пациентами, набравшими 5 и менее баллов — 5,50 (4,70-6,10) мм против 5,00 (4,50-5,40), соответственно (p=0,04). ПР ахилловых сухожилий среди данной категории пациентов также был статистически значимо выше в сравнении с остальными пациентами  — 14,0 (12,9-15,4) мм и  13,2 (12,2-14,2) мм, соответственно (p=0,04). При проведении корреляционного анализа были выявлены взаимосвязи между ростом пациентов и ПЗР ахилловых сухожилий (r=0,34; p=0,001), ПР ахилловых сухожилий (r=0,28; p=0,01), толщиной комплекса интима-медиа левой общей сонной артерии и ПР ахилловых сухожилий (r=0,21; p=0,05), количеством атеросклеротических бляшек и  ПР ахилловых сухожилий (r=0,26; p=0,01), суммарным процентом стенозирования сонных артерий (СуммСтСА) и ПР ахилловых сухожилий (r=0,27; p=0,01), максимальным процентом стенозирования сонных артерий и  ПР ахилловых сухожилий (r=0,28; p=0,007). По данным регрессионного анализа факторами, ассоциирующиеся с увеличением толщины ахилловых сухожилий более 75 перцентиля, являлись мужской пол, сахарный диабет, рост, инфаркт миокарда у родственников, СуммСтСА и холестерин липопротеинов высокой плотности.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов с определенным/вероятным диагнозом СГХС средние значения ширины и толщины ахилловых сухожилий были значимо выше в сравнении с остальными пациентами. По данным регрессионного анализа факторами, ассоциирующиеся с увеличением толщины ахилловых сухожилий более 75 перцентиля, являлись мужской пол, сахарный диабет, рост, инфаркт миокарда у родственников, СуммСтСА и холестерин липопротеинов высокой плотности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the morphometric characteristics of Achilles tendons in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and to identify factors associated with an increase in their size.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и  методы</title><p>Материал и  методы. Totally, 100 patients included, with severe primary hyperlipidemia, defined as an increase in total cholesterol ≥7,5 mM/L and/or lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ≥4,9 mM/L. All patients underwent duplex scanning of carotid arteries. Ultrasound examination of the Achilles tendons was carried out on an expert class ultrasound equipment Samsung Medison EKO 7 (Japan) with a linear sensor, frequency of 7-16 MHz. Thickness of the Achilles tendon (anteriorposterior dimension (APD)) was measured during scanning in the longitudinal section, width (transverse dimension (TD)) — scanning in the cross section. The measurements were made 2 cm proximal to the calcaneus.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among the participants, 32 (32,0%) had definite/probable diagnosis of FH. In patients with definite/probable FH the mean values   of APD were significantly higher in comparison with patients scored 5 or less points (DLCN) — 5,50 (4,70-6,10) mm vs. 5,00 (4,50-5,40), respectively (p=0,04). TD of Achilles tendons among this category of patients was also statistically significantly higher in comparison with the rest of patients — 14,0 (12,9-15,4) mm and 13,2 (12,2-14,2) mm, respectively (p=0,04). In correlation analysis, the relationship between the growth of patients and the APD of the Achilles tendons (r=0,34, p=0,001), the TD of the Achilles tendon (r=0,28, p=0,009), CIMT and TD of the Achilles tendons (r=0,21, p=0,05), amount of carotid plaques and TD of the Achilles tendon (r=0,26, p=0,01), total percentage of stenosis of the carotid arteries and the TD of the Achilles tendons (r=0,27, p=0,01), maximum percentage of stenosis of the carotid arteries and the TD of the Achilles tendons (r=0,28, p=0,007). According to regression analysis, factors associated with an increase in thickness of the Achilles tendons for more than 75 percentiles were male sex, diabetes mellitus, height, myocardial infarction in relatives, total percentage of stenosis of the carotid arteries and high-density lipoproteide cholesterol.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In patients with definite/probable FH, mean values of width and thickness of the Achilles tendons were significantly higher in comparison with the rest of the patients. According to regression analysis, the factors associated with the increase in thickness of the Achilles tendons fro more than 75 percentiles were male sex, diabetes mellitus, height, myocardial infarction in relatives, total percentage of stenosis of the carotid arteries and HDL high-density lipoproteide cholesterol.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семейная гиперхолестеринемия</kwd><kwd>ахилловы сухожилия</kwd><kwd>каротидный атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>familial hypercholesterolemia</kwd><kwd>Achilles tendons</kwd><kwd>carotid atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ershova AI, Meshkov AN, Bazhan SS, et al. The prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia in the West Siberian region of the Russian Federation: A substudy of the ESSE-RF. 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