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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">russjcardiol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Cardiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1560-4071</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7620</issn><publisher><publisher-name>«SILICEA-POLIGRAF» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/1560-4071-2015-6-20-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">russjcardiol-188</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPYDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НАРУШЕНИЯ СНА И ХРОНИЧЕСКИЙ СТРЕСС КАК ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SLEEP DISORDERS AND CHRONIC STRESS AS CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Профессор, руководитель отдела</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sleeprc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каллистов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kallistov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sleeprc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, врач ОФД</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sleeprc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана, Мытищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman, Mytishchi</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр реабилитации, Московская область</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Rehabilitation, Moscow region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Больница с поликлиникой, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Hospital with Polyclinics, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новичкова Н.И., Каллистов Д.Ю., Романова Е.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новичкова Н.И., Каллистов Д.Ю., Романова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novichkova N.I., Kallistov D.Y., Romanova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/188">https://russjcardiol.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/188</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести оценку роли хронических вариантов нарушения засыпания/ поддержания сна и клинико-инструментальных индикаторов рабочего стресса в качестве предикторов и/или факторов риска неблагоприятного течения кардиоваскулярных заболеваний у работников умственного труда и определить направления профилактических мероприятий.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В 2008-2009гг сформирована группа из 167 пациентов реабилитационного центра, работников умственного труда (85 мужчин, 82 женщины, ср. возраст — 51,7+7,5 лет), не имевших значимых нарушений дыхания во время сна. 49 пациентов имели подтвержденный диагноз ИБС, 55 — гипертонической болезни 2-3 ст., 63 больных составили контрольную группу. Исходное исследование предусматривало сбор клинико-анамнестических данных, выявление психосоциальных маркеров рабочего стресса, диагностику расстройств сна, включающую в себя ночное полисомнографическое исследование. Повторное исследование, проведенное в 2012-2013гг, предусматривало изучение клинических исходов течения кардиоваскулярных заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Хроническая бессонница выявлялась у 30 (61%) пациентов с ИБС, у 33 (60%) пациентов с гипертонической болезнью и у 29 (46%) больных контрольной группы. Повышенные уровни рабочего стресса, определяемые в соответствии с моделью “усилие-вознаграждение”, выявлены у 26 (53%) больных с ИБС, у 29 (53%) с ГБ и у 25 (40%) контрольной группы. У больных с кардиоваскулярными заболеваниями и расстройствами сна выявлялись инструментальные признаки нарушений сна (снижение эффективности сна, % содержания медленноволнового сна) и преобладание активирующих влияний на ЭЭГ. По данным проспективного наблюдения наличие хронической бессонницы, по данным исходного обследования, было ассоциировано с повышенным риском формирования новых случаев гипертонической болезни (ОШ=2,1) и ИБС (ОШ=1,9).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Нарушения засыпания и поддержания сна могут рассматриваться в качестве индикаторов хронического стресса у больных с кардиоваскулярными заболеваниями. Программы кардиологической реабилитации должны включать мероприятия по выявлению стресса и нарушений сна.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To conduct an assessment of the impact of chronic sleep onset/maintenance disorders and clinical-instrumental markers of occupational stress as predictors and/or risk factors for adverse course of cardiovascular disorders in intellect-related work, and to define ways of prevention management.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. In 2008-2009yy the group was created, consisted of 167 patients, employed in intellect-related work (85 men, 82 women, mean age 51,7+7,5 y.), not having sleep disordered breathing. 49 patients had confirmed CHD diagnosis, 55 — hypertension disease of 2-3 stage. Controls were 63 persons. Baseline investigation included collection of clinical and anamnestic data, search for psychosocial markers of occupational stress, sleep disorders diagnostics, what included nocturnal polysomnographic study. Second assessment was done in 2012-2013yy and included clinical cardiovascular outcomes collection.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Chronic insomnia was found in 30 (61%) patients with CHD, in 33 (60%) with hypertension disease and in 29 (46%) controls. Elevated levels of occupational stress, defined within the model “effort-reward”, were found in 26 (53%) of CHD patients, in 29 (53%) with AH, in 25 (40%) of controls. In cardiovascular patients and disordered sleep there were instrumental findings of disordered sleep (decrease of sleep effectiveness, % of slow-wave sleep) and prevalence of stimulating influences by EEG. By the data of prospective observation the presence of chronic insomnia, at baseline, associated with increased risk of new onsets of hypertension disease (OR=2,1) and CHD (OR=1,9).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Disordered sleep onset and sleep maintenance can be treated as indicators of chronic stress in cardiovascular patients. Programs of cardiological rehabilitation shall include the actions for stress and sleep disorders screening.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бессонница</kwd><kwd>хронический стресс</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>ИБС</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>insomnia</kwd><kwd>chronic stress</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>CHD</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vein AM, Sudakov KV, Levin YaI, et al. Influence of the Emotional Stress on the Structure of Sleep of Healthy Subject: Role of Personal Factors. Proceedings of the 1-st Russian Conference “Sleep as a Window to Wakefulness”. Russian (Вейн А.М., Судаков К.В., Левин Я. И., и др. Влияние эмоционального стресса на структуру сна здорового человека: роль личностных факторов. 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